Aerospace industry parts processing demand for a large number of carbide tools
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At present, the tool materials widely used in the aerospace industry mainly include the following categories: tool steel (carbon tool steel, alloy tool steel, high speed steel), cemented carbide, ceramic and superhard tool materials. Among them, cemented carbide tools account for the largest proportion, and are the leading tools in aerospace manufacturing, and the application range is quite extensive. Compared with cemented carbide, ceramic materials have higher hardness, hot hardness and wear resistance, and chemical stability and oxidation resistance are better than hard alloys. Therefore, ceramic tools have become the development of cutting tools in the aerospace industry. A mainstream.
A technician from Shenyang Liming Hangfa Group spoke about some of the company's experience in using tools. In the process of aerospace materials processing, slot machining and hole machining are difficult to process. For example, engine disc parts, shaft parts, and machine parts are very demanding on machining tools. Therefore, high-performance carbide standard tools and carbide non-standard tools are used in the processing of such parts. . The technician believes that the selection of tools in actual machining should consider the following factors: workpiece material, workpiece shape, processing requirements, machining machine tools, system rigidity, surface quality technical requirements.
Taking turbine boring parts as an example, from the analysis of workpiece materials, difficult-to-machine materials such as deformed superalloys and cast superalloys are widely used. These difficult-to-machine materials have small thermal conductivity, high specific strength, high cutting temperature, and easy work hardening. Tool wear is fast, tool life is short, and tool consumption is large, so the tool geometry must be chosen reasonably. From the point of view of the workpiece structure, the wall is thin, the rigidity is poor, and it is difficult to process. When the convex part of the part is machined, the tool system easily interferes with the parts and the fixture. Therefore, the tool path must be optimized, such as the insertion milling instead of the side milling, the idle stroke Quickly move the tool, optimize the position of the lifting tool, and use helical interpolation to mill. From the analysis of the machining process, the machine needs to be roughed, semi-finished and finished. In order to save the tool cost, high-performance ceramic milling cutter can be used for rough machining when manufacturing such parts. During semi-finishing and finishing The use of standard carbide tools and non-standard high-performance special tools can significantly improve production efficiency. In terms of processing economy, the tool configuration plan needs to be continuously improved, and the latest products developed by the tool manufacturer should be used as much as possible.
When talking about the selection of tools, a technician from a research institute of the Aerospace Science and Industry Group said that when processing titanium alloys, high-temperature alloys and other workpieces, they would prefer Walter's WSM35 and WSP45 blades. When the depth of cut is small, use it. The cutting speed of these two kinds of inserts can reach 70~150m/min when milling the workpieces of the above materials. When processing difficult-to-cut materials, the high-grade CVD coating grade is CP200 and the uncoated grade is 890. Blades, these two blades are two high-hardness ultra-fine particle grade tools for high-temperature alloy finishing and titanium alloy processing, and also have good effects on stainless steel finishing. In addition, they will use the imported brand tools such as Kenner, Sandvik Coromant and Iskar to process difficult-to-machine materials such as high-temperature alloys, titanium alloys and FRP composites.