Analysis of PA12 plastic characteristics, molding process, use
Polyamide 12 or Nylon 12 Chemical and physical properties Pa12 is a linear, semi-crystalline-crystalline thermoplastic material from butadiene. Its characteristics are similar to those of Pa11, but the crystal structure is different. Melting temperature: 240~300C; do not exceed 310C for ordinary characteristic materials, and do not exceed 270C for materials with flame retardant properties. Injection pressure: up to 1000 bar (low pressure and high melting temperature are recommended) Injection speed: high speed (better for materials with glass additives). Runners and gates: For materials without additives, the runner diameter should be around 30mm due to the low viscosity of the material. A large flow path diameter of 5 to 8 mm is required for the reinforced material. The shape of the flow path should be all circular. Note the entrance should be as short as possible. Various forms of gates can be used. Do not use small gates for large plastic parts. This is to avoid excessive pressure or excessive shrinkage of the plastic parts. The gate thickness is preferably equal to the thickness of the plastic part. If a submerged gate is used, the recommended minimum diameter is 0.8mm. Hot runner molds are very effective, but require precise temperature control to prevent material from leaking or solidifying at the nozzle. If hot runners are used, the gate size should be smaller than the cold runner. Typical use water meters and other commercial equipment, cable jackets, mechanical cams, sliding mechanisms and bearings.
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Pa12 is a good electrical insulator and, like other polyamides, does not affect insulation properties due to moisture. It has good impact resistance and chemical stability. Pa12 has many improved varieties in terms of plasticizing properties and reinforcing properties. Compared to Pa6 and Pa66, these materials have a lower melting point and density and have a very high moisture regain. Pa12 is not resistant to strong oxidizing acids. The viscosity of Pa12 is mainly determined by humidity, temperature and storage time. It is very fluid. The shrinkage is between 0.5% and 2%, depending on the material variety, wall thickness and other process conditions.
Drying process conditions of injection molding: The humidity should be below 0.1% before processing. If the material is stored in the air, it is recommended to dry in 85C hot air for 4 to 5 hours. If the material is stored in a closed container, it can be used directly after 3 hours of temperature equilibration.
Mold temperature: 30~40C for unreinforced materials, 80~90C for thin-walled or large-area components, and 90~100C for reinforced materials. Increasing the temperature will increase the crystallinity of the material. Precise control of mold temperature is important for the Pa12.
