Analysis of Six Technical Specifications of CMOS and CCD Image Sensors
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Pixels. There are many light-sensing units on the sensor that convert light into electrical charge, creating an electronic image that corresponds to the scene. In the sensor, each sensor unit corresponds to one pixel. The more pixels, the more detail the object can sense, and the clearer the image. The higher the pixel, the clearer the imaging effect;
• Target size. According to Guo Hui of Tiandi Weiye, “The size of the photosensitive part of the image sensor is generally expressed in inches. Like a TV, this data usually refers to the diagonal length of this image sensor. Commonly it is 1/3 inch. The larger the target surface, the better the amount of light passing through, and the smaller the target surface, the easier it is to obtain a larger depth of field. For example, 1/2 inch can have a relatively large amount of light, and 1/4 inch can be easily obtained. A large depth of field."
· Sensitivity. That is, the intensity of incident light is sensed by CCD or CMOS and related electronic circuits. The higher the sensitivity, the stronger the sensitivity of the light-sensitive surface, and the higher the shutter speed. This is particularly important when shooting moving vehicles and monitoring at night.
Electronic shutter. It is a term coined for the mechanical shutter function of the camera. It controls the sensitometry time of the image sensor. Since the sensitometric value of the image sensor is the accumulation of signal charge, the longer the sensitometry, the longer the signal charge accumulation time and the larger the amplitude of the output signal current. The faster the electronic shutter, the lower the sensitivity, suitable for shooting under strong light;
Frame rate. Both refers to the number of pictures recorded or played in a unit of time. Continuous playback of a series of pictures will produce animation effects. According to the human visual system, when the picture's playback speed is greater than 15 frames per second, the human eye basically cannot see it. The picture jumps; when it reaches 24 frames/s to 30 frames/s, the flicker phenomenon is almost undetected. The frames per second (fps) or frame rate represents the number of times the graphics sensor can update every second while processing the field. A high frame rate results in a smoother, more realistic visual experience;
· Signal to noise ratio. It is the ratio of the signal voltage to the noise voltage. The signal-to-noise ratio is expressed in dB. The signal-to-noise ratio given by the general camera is the value when the AGC (Automatic Gain Control) is turned off, because when the AGC is turned on, the small signal is boosted, so that the noise level is also increased accordingly. The typical signal-to-noise ratio is 45-55dB. If it is 50dB, there will be a small amount of noise in the image, but the image quality is good. If it is 60dB, the image quality is good and there will be no noise. The greater the signal-to-noise ratio, the more noise is controlled. it is good.