China develops a super high-speed rail with a speed of 1,000 kilometers per hour
The "super-ring high-speed rail" promoted by the madman Masc of the technology has been recognized in the United States. Feasibility studies are being carried out. The ultra-high-speed rail uses low-vacuum pipelines and magnetic levitation technology, and the speed will be close to the aircraft's speed of 1,000 kilometers per hour. This kind of high-speed rail can not only be built on the surface, it can also be excavated underground tunnels. In China, this experiment is also in progress. In a laboratory in Chengdu, the Economic Half-Hour reporter saw Chinese scientists working hard for it. China announces high-temperature superconducting magnetic levitation technology The world's first vacuum pipeline super high-speed magnetic levitation train annular experimental line platform built by Chengdu Southwest Jiaotong University is the first manned high-temperature superconducting magnetic levitation ring experimental line in China. With a total length of 45 meters and a design load of 300 kilograms and a maximum load of up to 1 tonne, the net suspended height is greater than 20 millimeters. It is currently the world's equivalent suspension capacity with the smallest cross section and the least amount of permanent magnetic material. The 50 km/h actual dynamic operation experiment does not underestimate these complicated machinery and equipment. Under the ideal condition of the vacuum pipeline, this technical innovation can increase the train theoretical speed to a higher speed of more than one thousand kilometers. In other words, the pile of experimental equipment in front of us will be the prototype of the future super high-speed rail that humans can currently touch. Deng Jiaogang, Associate Professor of Southwestern Jiaotong University's State Key Laboratory of Traction Power, said that many of the indicators are internationally advanced. Our core stuff, its actual payload capacity, can suspend a ton of weight. The cross-sectional area of ​​our orbit is now the smallest in the world. Its width is only 120 mm, its thickness is only 25 mm, and its permanent magnet material is particularly small. The publication of this high-temperature superconducting magnetic levitation technology by Chinese scientists has attracted the attention of the IEEE, the largest association of electrical and electronic engineers in the world, and they reported the results of the Chinese scientific research in two full-page texts. The British BBC, the United States CNN, European public television and other media rushed to the Southwest Jiaotong University to conduct on-site investigations and reports. The birth of this technology may not have caused much public concern, but in the eyes of many scientists around the world, the Chinese have done almost a revolutionary technological creation this time. Deng Zigang: At the time, its title was called Super Pipeline. Then there were comments. It felt that this subversive technology might have revolutionary meaning for people's travel mode in the future or space applications. How can this "Super Pipeline", which is known by many scientists in the world as subversive technology, be able to levitate on the track? 37-year-old project leader Deng Zigang told reporters that for decades, experts from Southwest Jiaotong University, domestic scientific research institutes, and many manufacturing companies have continuously relayed research and development experiments to produce today’s results. Magnetic levitation technology was first proposed by Germans in the 1920s, and it is almost 100 years old. In the following decades, Germany had always maintained a leading position in permanent magnetic levitation and Japan's low-temperature superconducting magnetic levitation. China began to catch up in the mid-1980s, but it is undoubtedly a technical gap to catch up with it for six decades. Huge puzzles. If we want to complete the research and manufacturing of magnetic levitation trains, we need to go through many thresholds in advance. For example, where does the high-temperature superconducting material come from? How to build a special track? How can the design of the car body be followed by a series of problems? From the scratch of this challenge, can Chinese scientists succeed in R&D? Superconductivity in high-temperature superconducting magnetic levitation refers to a superconducting material that has a zero-resistance effect, that is, no heat loss occurs when the current flows through the conductor, and a strong current can be formed in the wire without resistance, thereby generating Super magnetic field. Superconducting magnetic levitation is the use of superconductors to achieve magnetic levitation. The so-called high-temperature superconductivity refers to the characteristics of superconductivity in the liquid nitrogen environment at minus 196 degrees Celsius, and the low-temperature superconductivity refers to the characteristics of superconductivity in liquid helium environments of minus 269 degrees Celsius. Compared with low-temperature superconductivity and room temperature superconductivity, high-temperature superconductivity has one of the biggest characteristics: it has self-stability, in other words, after the high-temperature superconductor is placed on a permanent magnet track, it can be suspended and suspended, regardless of motion. Still standing, it can be suspended; and in the permanent magnet track, the high temperature superconductor also provides stable guiding force and levitation force, that is, it will not shake up and down, and it will be firmly attached to the permanent magnet track like a nail. Superconducting layer thickness is only one percent of hair Can be suspended or hung, it looks a bit like magic. Where is the secret? Deng Gang introduced that first is the permanent magnet material laid on the track. In fact, high-performance permanent magnet materials have been developed and produced abroad for many years. However, these product technologies have been blocked for a long time in China. We must not say that we cannot buy them, and that we just want to visit them. The only way is for the Chinese to make their own. The magnetic levitation laboratory was in Chengdu, but the magnetic levitation material was quietly researched and developed by a company in Hangzhou. The development of high-performance permanent magnetic materials, especially for permanent magnets on high-temperature superconducting magnetic levitation orbits, requires that more than ten kinds of raw materials, including multiple rare earth materials, be fused and uniformly distributed. Yongsong Dong, vice president of Hangzhou Permanent Magnet Group Co., Ltd., told reporters in the "economic half-hour" that the process is like kneading dough, it is difficult, but it is critical to the performance of magnetic steel. After more than a dozen kinds of raw materials are precisely arranged, it is necessary to use current to magnetize the magnet steel, which is also a relatively high risk link. If the magnetic charge is not good enough, it will easily cause its performance to be unstable. Sometimes it cannot be controlled, and magnets can easily fly to the ceiling. After repeated trials, high-performance permanent magnetic materials have been successfully developed, but then another difficult problem arises: How do you stitch the permanent magnets together to form a magnetic suspension guide? Because the magnetic force between the permanent magnets is large, a small piece can generate more than 300 kilograms of thrust. So, what methods can effectively solve the splicing and combination problems? Mr. Qi Shoudong, vice president of Hangzhou Permanent Magnet Group Co., Ltd., relies on a series of designed toolings to fix it in a mechanical manner. A magnetic steel is fixed and a magnetic steel is installed. Dr. Deng Zigang, Ph.D. of the National Traction Power Laboratory of Southwest Jiaotong University: At that time, it had also done a very thorough design in the previous period. After designing the jigs, the site continued to explore and continuously improve, and finally found a relatively good way. With our last 84 permanent magnet tracks, the installation took only one day. After solving the problems of permanent magnet guide rail materials, Deng Zigang's team began to face the test of the second challenge, which is the core of the world's high-speed superconducting materials for the manufacture of magnetic levitation trains. Deng Zigang: Our superconducting materials are installed in the four corners of our car. This black cover is inside. This superconducting material replaces the four wheels of our car. This superconducting material can be suspended in our liquid nitrogen environment at a low temperature. In the first decade of this century, there were only three second-generation HTS superconducting material suppliers in the world, two in the United States selling to the world at an expensive price, and another in Japan, but banned exports. If the material can only rely on imports, China's development of high-temperature superconductor industry will be "card neck." After many searches, Deng Zigang focused his attention on Shanghai Superconductor Technology Corporation. Wu Xiang, Deputy General Manager, Superconducting Materials Division, Shanghai Superconducting Technology Co., Ltd.: Why did we do this? There is also a feeling of emotion. Because before we went to an international conference, the superconducting materials reported by everyone were all done by others. When it comes to superconductivity in China, there is very little questioning, that is, there is a feeling that no one in China has made this thing. . Our idea is that, no matter what, we must make this happen. It is to fight for this. In 2011, Shanghai Superconductor Technology Co., Ltd. was formally established and began research and development. The first difficulty they faced was how to tie together different coatings and superconducting tapes. The superconducting tape is processed and coated by several layers of different raw materials. The superconducting layer is located in the middle core layer and is mainly divided into seven or eight layers such as machine belts, isolation layers, buffer layers, etc. The protection and buffering function is equivalent to the superconducting tape of the middle layer, and a protective armor is worn so that the performance of the superconducting tape is stable and consistent. However, these layers of raw materials are different and the thickness of the coating needs to be very thin and very uniform. The process is extremely difficult. Zhao Yue, a special researcher in the Electrical Engineering Department of the National Energy Smart Grid (Shanghai) R&D Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University: It is a superconducting thin film coated on a 50-micron-thick stainless steel strip. What is the concept of 50-micron thick? ? It's about the same thickness as hair, but the most important superconducting layer that they play is only about 1% of the thickness of the hair. Wu Xiang, deputy general manager of superconducting materials division of Shanghai Superconducting Technology Co., Ltd.: The superconducting layer is actually plainly white, and it is the most difficult plating nowadays because its process is very special. We use the laser to deposit and deposit it. But the most difficult is the technology that connects the superconducting tape together. Although the length of the superconducting tape has now reached the current kilometer-class length from the first hundred meters, it is limited by the existing technology and the world has not yet Superconducting tapes without joints. When the superconducting tape has a joint, it will have a resistance. How to reduce the resistance to the lowest value is not only a problem for the Chinese people, but also a problem faced by companies in various countries around the world. Wu Xiang: Our company has developed a superconducting joint technology, its resistance can reach about two nano-ohms, and now we are able to do a few dozen nano-ohms normally in the world. Two nanometers are currently relatively low. After more than three years of hard work, superconducting materials in the world's advanced level have finally been successfully developed in Shanghai, China. Zhao Yue: Our same condition, compared with some similar products in the world, its performance and current carrying capacity have increased by 25%. Under this condition, we are absolutely leading. This kind of advanced superconducting material has broad application prospects. It is not only used in magnetic levitation transportation, but also used in superconducting cables, new energy car radio charging systems, and even defense military, such as the missile's new launch technology - cold launch. Zhao Yue: The traditional missile method is an ignition launch. During the initial process of missile firing, it will generate a lot of heat and be detected by the enemy. This will take certain measures on the missile. If we use the superconducting energy storage device and release it in a short period of time, we can throw this weapon into the air and reach a certain height and then ignite. It is very difficult for the enemy to discover. This is a very popular technology. All developed countries are studying. The two difficulties of materials and track passed, and Deng Zigang in the Southwest Jiaotong University's laboratory began to face the final problem of the magnetic levitation test car. Like other material R&D models, the research and development of the magnetic levitation test car was transferred from Chengdu to the CRRC Tangshan Locomotive Company. How to make the car levitate, but also to maintain the magnetic levitation car, whether it is turning or downhill, can be safe, smooth operation, no noise? The researchers of CRRC Tangshan Locomotive Company took over the baton of R&D. Wu Huichao, Ph.D., Senior Engineer, China National Vehicles, Tangshan Locomotive & Rolling Stock Co., Ltd.: Each of our bogies is equivalent to a row of squats. When we turn, we can flexibly rotate each module when we cross the corner. We are very flexible when we suspend the car through the entire small bend. In 2014, the vacuum high temperature superconducting magnetic levitation experimental line was successfully built in the Chengdu laboratory of Southwest Jiaotong University. Several generations of scholars from Southwest Jiaotong University have made unremitting efforts to create one after another miracle in the field of magnetic levitation. At the same time, their contribution to the scientific research theory has also received great repercussions from both international and domestic sources. In 2016, Deng Zigang’s university teachers, Wang Jiasu and Wang Suyu, wrote their own lifelong studies and published them in Germany. At this time, it was nearly 100 years since the German scholars proposed magnetic levitation technology. This is the first time that Chinese scholars have published and published superconducting monographs in English in Germany, where magnetic levitation originated. Dr. Deng Zigang, Ph.D., National Traction Power Laboratory, Southwest Jiaotong University: These two books embody a process of high-temperature superconducting magnetic levitation technology, from leading to being chased to leading again. The research achievements of Southwest Jiaotong University in the field of high-temperature superconducting magnetic levitation also strongly attract foreign counterparts. Deng Zigang told reporters that several months later, in July 2018, several Brazilian scholars would come to study at the Southwestern Jiaotong University. Zhang Weihua, chief professor of Southwestern Jiaotong University's National Key Laboratory of Traction Power: With the completion of this test platform of 400 kilometers and 400 kilometers per year this year, we can achieve the highest speed. Next, we still do 1,500 kilometers per hour, so I think we think that we should go ahead in the world whether high-temperature superconducting magnetic levitation or vacuum piping. At present, China, Germany, Japan, the United States, and Brazil are making greater efforts to promote the practical application of superconducting maglev vehicles. Hyperloop one of the United States built a 500 m long vacuum pipeline test line in the Nevada desert and achieved a top speed of 310 km/h in 2017. In China, CRRC Qingdao Sifang Locomotive Company was officially launched in October 2016 to develop a high-speed maglev train project with a speed of 600 kilometers per hour. In August 2017, China Aerospace Science and Industry Corporation announced that the fifth-highest-speed human transportation “high-speed flight train†project has been researched and demonstrated at a speed of up to 4,000 kilometers per hour. Compared to the current maximum speed of 350 kilometers between the Beijing-Shanghai high-speed rail, 10 times faster! Half hour observation At the most critical moment of technological development, our lens can record the hardships and boring of the process. However, as the President of Southwest Jiaotong University said, today’s era is an era of miracles. China’s high-speed rail is now at the forefront of the world. With the next generation of revolutionary technology research and development, Chinese scientists have not slackened in the slightest. Maybe in the near future, when you and I are on a high-speed railway with a speed of 1000 kilometers per hour, we will Recalling the arduous efforts of these scientists today, the process is such boring, but in the end it is a miracle made in China. 321 Tube,321 Ss Pipe,321 Stainless Tubing,321 Stainless Steel Tubing Zhejiang Ruimai Stainless steel Tube Co.,Ltd. , https://www.ruimaitube.com