Disaster Relief Popularization: Earthquake Search and Rescue and Safety Precautions Service Manual

The sudden earthquake disaster caused too many lives to die suddenly. While we are in awe of the power of nature and sighing for people's vulnerability, should we know more about earthquakes and prevent them as much as possible.

How to prevent before the earthquake? How to deal with the earthquake? How to escape? How to search and rescue after the earthquake? How to protect yourself?

The magnitude 7.0 earthquake that occurred on April 20 in Lushan County, Ya'an City, Sichuan Province is now in the "golden 72 hours" after the earthquake. During this time period, the rescue rate of the victims is very high. How to deal with after being rescued, we provide readers with a service manual from three aspects: "post-earthquake search and rescue", "self-protection" and "security precautions".

Self-protection

Water: Everyone needs to reserve at least 3.8 liters of water per day, and prepare enough for 72 hours at a time according to this standard. It is recommended to buy some bottled water.

Food: Prepare canned food or dehydrated food, milk powder and canned juice for 72 hours. Dry cereals, fruits and unsalted dried fruits are good sources of nutrition.

Use the space under the desk, table, bench, or close to the internal load-bearing wall as a cover, and then grasp the fixed object with both hands.

There is no writing desk or table, protect your head and face with your arms, and lie on the side between the sofa and the ground.

If you were on the bed when the earthquake occurred (if the ceiling does not have large lamps), please stay still. Hold the pillow tightly to protect your head.

Do not park your car under buildings, next to large trees, overpasses, or wires and cables.

After the earthquake stops, vehicles should move forward carefully, pay attention to the damage of roads and bridges, and do not try to cross damaged bridges.

In the case of ensuring safety, stop as soon as possible and stay in the car.

Tap on pipes or walls to let rescuers find you. If possible, use a whistle.

If you are trapped under the rubble, do not light a match or use a lighter.

If you are trapped under the rubble, cover your mouth with a handkerchief or cloth. Do not move around to avoid raising dust.

Do not use the elevator to escape.

Keep away from construction areas, big trees, street lights, wires and cables.

Emergency items to prevent catastrophe

Emergency Light: Put an emergency light near your bed, work place and car. Do not use matches or candles after an earthquake unless you can be sure that there are no gas leaks.

First aid kit: Prepare a first aid kit at home and in the car, and at the same time, let your family learn some basic first aid and artificial respiration courses.

Fire extinguisher: Fire extinguisher is equipped in your home and car.

Special items: Prepare necessary special items, such as medicines, hearing aid batteries, baby items, hygiene items and other items needed by family members.

Tools: In addition to preparing a pipe wrench and an adjustable wrench, you must have a lighter, a box of matches in a waterproof box, and a whistle for calling rescuers.

Clothing: You may not be able to keep warm after the earthquake. Consider warm clothing and sleeping supplies. Make sure everyone in the family has a full set of changing clothes and shoes.

Search and rescue after the earthquake

â‘  Manual search

Use high-power loudspeakers or other loudspeaking devices to shout and give instructions to trapped survivors. Then keep the affected area quiet, and manual searchers listen carefully and mark the area with sound. Manual search is more accurate than other search methods.

â‘¡Instrument search

Technical search personnel mainly use sound waves and vibration monitoring equipment to search the affected areas. If necessary, it will also use optical fiber equipment, infrared thermal imaging equipment (if conditions permit), or other equipment to search.

â‘¢Search and rescue dog search

At the beginning of the search and rescue mission, two search and rescue dog teams were generally deployed to participate in the search and rescue.

Earthquake Search and Rescue and Security Service Manual