Introduction to the correct method of spraying pesticides on fruit trees
Fruit is one of the common methods of supplementing trace elements in our daily life. In the process of fruit tree growth, some pests and diseases will inevitably occur, and some pesticides will be used for prevention and control. This article will introduce the correct method for spraying pesticides on fruit trees. Apple fruit tree disease control is not to fight drugs more often, the key is to play clever, which is to turn a critical period in the prevention and treatment of medical diseases. To do this, we must understand the occurrence of the main diseases in the production, and then use the pesticides in advance in the most sensitive period of the disease according to the law of occurrence, and control the bacteria in the ungerminated or uninfected state to achieve twice the result with half the effort. Brown spot disease is overwintering on the leaves with hyphae or conidia discs. In the second year of Spring, the rainy season produces a large number of conidia (dry and smashed leaves have no ability to produce conidia) and pass The rain splash infects the leaves near the ground. From May to June, the disease begins to occur in high temperature and high humidity. In July and August, a large number of diseases occur. After the temperature decreases in October, the hazard stops, and the incubation period is 13-55 days. The spotted deciduous disease is overwintered by the hyphae in the damaged leaves, shoots and bud scales. In the second year, conidia are produced in the spring, and it spreads with airflow and wind and rain, and begins to infect 7-10 days after flowering, and encounters in May-June and August. High temperature is a large number of diseases. The spores of the diseased leaf pathogens formed in late April to early May, and the branches formed in July. The ring disease is also called rough skin disease and round brown rot. Mainly harmful to branches and fruits. The fungus is overwintered in the mycelium of the mycelium, and the branches are infested with rainwater in the second year and the third month, and the fruit is infested. Infested young fruit from June to July, but not onset. When the fruit encounters high temperature and drought in the near maturity period, the disease is heavier. The peak incidence was 1 month after harvesting and after storage. The stem disease is formed by the lenticels as the center of the oblate reddish-brown lesion, the central protrusion is a tumor, the edge of the disease is cracked, and black small particles are produced in the middle of the second year. The fruit is infected with a water-stained pale brown dot (red dot) centered on the lenticels. When expanded, it forms a shallow, dark-brown concentric pattern, and the tea brown mucus overflows. The whole fruit rots quickly and gives off a sour smell. taste. The pre-growth rain is mostly early onset, and the high temperature and drought in the mature period is serious, and vice versa. Anthrax is mainly harmful to fruits. The mycelium is overwintered in the parts of the fruit, the moss, the dry branches and the branches of the mycelium. In the second year, the conidia are spread by rainwater and insects, invading the fruit through the lenticels, and infecting many times. Generally, from late May to early June, the invasion and dyeing period will occur. From July to August, high temperature and high humidity are the peak period, and the disease fruit appears in large numbers. After the onset of the fruit, it is initially a brown round spot, which turns into a dark brown (or black) lesion and sag, and the central protruding black small grain points are arranged in a concentric pattern. It occurs severely when it is hot, humid, or rainy. The orchard is closed and low, and the ventilation and light transmission are not easy to occur. In short, prevention of disease must seize three key periods: First, the work of clearing the garden in winter and spring, destroying the wintering place of germs and reducing the wintering base of bacteria. The second is to strengthen the drug protection 3-5 days after flowering to prevent the infection of the bacteria. The third is to pay attention to climate change, to spray before the rain, to prevent the spread of pathogens.
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