Living conditions required for mushrooms

The living conditions required for the growth and development of shiitake mushrooms generally include water, nutrients, temperature, air, light and pH (pH).

1. Nutritional mushrooms are a kind of saprophytic water, which relies on decomposition to absorb the nutrients in the wood for a living. In the cultivation of sawdust, some nutrients such as rice bran, wheat bran, sugar and trace elements are added to the culture material to make the hyphae develop well and promote the high quality and high yield of the mushroom.

2, temperature mushrooms are low temperature, temperature-changing fungi, the optimal temperature for spore germination is 22-26 ° C; mycelial growth range is 3-32 ° C, suitable temperature 10-28 ° C; fruit body development temperature in 5- 25 ° C, suitable temperature 12-18 ° C. Different varieties of shiitake mushrooms have different temperature requirements. For example, the "7402" variety has the highest yield when the average monthly temperature is 12-17 °C. Low temperature and variable temperature stimulation are beneficial to the occurrence of fruiting bodies. Under constant temperature conditions, the primordia does not form mushroom buds.

3. Moisture mushrooms have different requirements for water and humidity at different stages of growth and development. When the mycelium grows, the water content of the culture material is 55%, and the relative humidity of the air is about 70%; the water content of the fruit body development stage is 60%, and the relative humidity of the air is 85-93%.

4, air mushroom is an aerobic fungus, hyphae easy to aging in the absence of oxygen, fruiting bodies will appear deformed, and some molds and bacteria are prone to twins.

5. Light-emitting mushrooms require scattered light with appropriate intensity during growth and development. Scattering light can promote mycelial development and pigmentation and deposition. In the period of fruiting body differentiation, there is no certain scattered light, and the primordium is not easy to form. In the case of insufficient light, the grown mushrooms are light in color, thin in flesh, long in stem, and poor in quality. Of course, too much direct light is also harmful.

6. pH (pH) Mushrooms are suitable for growth in slightly acidic culture materials. The suitable range of pH is 3-7, of which 5 is most suitable. In the case of woody cultivation, the pH of the cultivation block is generally 3.5 to 5, and most preferably about 4. These conditions are all necessary for the growth of mushrooms, and they complement each other. One-sided emphasis on one aspect and neglect of other conditions is unfavorable for the normal growth of mushrooms.