Photovoltaic Power Plant Technical Conditions Shandong Provincial Local Standard (DB37/T 729-2007)

1 Scope

This standard specifies the definition, conditions of use, technical requirements, test methods, inspection rules and acceptance of photovoltaic power plants.

This standard applies to grid-connected solar photovoltaic power plant systems and off-grid solar photovoltaic power plant systems. This standard does not apply to tracking solar photovoltaic power generation systems.

2 normative references

The clauses in the following documents have been adopted as references to this standard. For dated references, all subsequent amendments (not including errata content) or revisions do not apply to this standard, however, encourage the parties to reach an agreement based on this standard to study whether the latest version of these documents can be used . For undated references, the latest version is applicable to this standard.

Inverters for wind energy and solar power generation systems of GB/T 20321.1-2006 Part 1: Technical conditions

Inverters for wind energy and solar power generation systems of GB/T 20321.2-2006 Part 2: Test methods

CEC S84-1996 Photovoltaic Power System Installation Engineering Design Specification

CEC S85-1996 Technical Specifications for Construction and Acceptance of Installation of Photovoltaic Power Systems

SJ 2196-1982 silicon solar cell electrical performance test method

3 Terms and Definitions

The following terms and definitions apply to this standard.

3.1

phalanx

A direct current power generation mechanism consisting of several solar modules or solar panels in combination with a support structure, but does not include foundations, sun trackers, temperature controllers, and other such components.

3.2

Inverter

Devices that convert a DC input into an AC output.

3.3

Components

It refers to the smallest integral solar cell combination device with a package and internal connection that can independently provide a DC output.

3.4

Subarray

If there are different components or components in a square matrix with different connections, the same structure and connection are called sub-matrices.

3.5

Solar cell

A basic photovoltaic device that produces electricity when exposed to sunlight.

3.6

Photovoltaic power station

Photovoltaic power plants are systems that use solar modules and other auxiliary equipment to convert solar energy into electrical energy.

4 Classification and Naming

4.1 Classification

Divided into grid-connected photovoltaic power plants and off-grid photovoltaic power plants according to operation mode.

5 conditions of use

a) No flammable, harmful, conductive, corrosive gas and less dusty place;

b) ambient temperature: -10 °C ~ +40 °C;

c) Relative humidity: 0-85%.

6 Technical Requirements

6.1 Overall System Installation Requirements

6.1.1 Solar cell arrays (hereinafter referred to as square arrays) should be installed in a safe and reliable place with no obstruction, no pollution sources (smog, dust), and no corrosive gas around them.

6.1.2 The square plane should face south.

The average sunshine duration of 6.1.3 years should not be less than 1800 hours.

6.1.4 Solar photovoltaic power generation system can be used in the ambient temperature range of -40 °C ~ +60 °C.

6.1.5 If the maximum wind force at the installation site of the square array is greater than 10, reinforcement measures shall be taken.

6.1.6 Types of protection such as fences or railings should be used around the ground and roof squares.

6.1.7 The solar voltage power system should have overvoltage protection devices (measures), lightning protection devices must be installed.

6.2 Equipment Configuration of Photovoltaic Power Plants

6.2.1 Grid-connected solar PV power plant system should consist of main equipment such as square array, control box (cabinet), grid-connected inverter, and lightning protection device.

6.2.2 Off-grid solar PV power plant system should consist of main equipment such as square array, battery pack, control box (cabinet), over-voltage protection device, backup power source (optional), and lightning protection device.

6.3 Configuration Requirements for Power Supply Control Equipment

6.3.1 When the capacity of the control cabinet is single, it should be configured with long-term load. When using multiple parallel units, it should be configured with the recent load.

6.3.2 The input end of the power system should be provided with overvoltage protection measures, and the output terminal should be equipped with voltage regulator and voltage regulator.

6.3.3 When the battery is charged in float mode, the voltage may be 2.35V to 2.5V per battery.

6.3.4 Requirements Uninterrupted power supply users shall have two-way automatic voltage conversion and output conversion circuits.

6.3.5 Power systems that can transmit various information from the power system to remote locations and can perform telemetry and remote control at remote locations.

6.4 Array Installation Requirements

6.4.1 The ground base height should not be less than 500mm or set according to user requirements.

6.4.2 The roof base plane should be 200mm above the roof or insulation.

6.4.3 The cross-sectional dimension of the base shall not be less than 200 x 300 mm2.

6.4.4 The height deviation of the base shall not exceed 5mm, and the deviation of the level shall not exceed 3mm/m.

6.4.5 The supporting structure of the phalanx should be solid and reliable, and anti-rust and anti-corrosion measures should be taken. Before the assembly is installed, all connecting bolts on the rack should be loosened and tightened. After the rack is installed, the paint film damaged during the installation should be painted.

6.4.6 The arrangement of square arrays should be easy to install, maintain, and have strong wind resistance. The spacing between components should not be less than 5mm. The installation of the components on the rack should be straight, and the air gap between the components on the rack should not be less than 8mm.

6.4.7 Before installation, components shall be tested for open circuit voltage and short-circuit current. Components with close operating parameters shall be installed in the same sub-array and components with equal or similar rated operating current shall be connected in series.

6.4.8 The wiring of component squares shall be supported, fixed, protected and other measures shall be taken. The conductors shall have appropriate margins. Different color conductors shall be used as positive and negative electrodes and series connection lines.

6.4.9 The joints connecting the wires shall be tin-plated. Multiple conductors with a section greater than 6mm2 shall be provided with copper joints (nose). When single core conductors with a section of less than 6mm2 are connected to the joint ring of the assembly terminal box, the direction of bending of the thread ends shall be consistent with the direction of the fastening screws, and the maximum permissible per terminal is permitted. Two core wires should be added between the two core wires, and all connection screws should be tightened.

6.4.10 The connection line at the outlet of the junction box should be bent downwards to prevent rainwater from flowing into the junction box. Component wiring and square leader cables are fixed to the rack using a fixed card.

6.5 Inverter Technical Requirements

6.5.1 Off-grid inverter technical requirements

6.5.1.1 Output voltage

When the DC input changes from 85% to 120%, the AC square wave output variation range should not exceed ±10% of the rated voltage value. The AC sine wave output variation range should not exceed ±5% of the rated voltage value.

6.5.1.2 Output frequency

The output frequency variation range should not exceed ± 5% of the specified value.

6.5.1.3 Output harmonic components

The harmonic component of AC square wave output should be less than or equal to 10%; the harmonic component of AC sine wave output should be less than or equal to 5%.

6.5.1.4 Protection Functions

a) Short-circuit protection, protection operation time is less than or equal to 0.5s;

b) Overcurrent protection, when the output current exceeds 150% of the rated current, the inverter shall be automatically protected;

c) Undervoltage protection, when the input voltage is lower than 85% of the rated input, the inverter should automatically protect and display;

d) Overvoltage protection, when the input voltage is higher than 130% of the rated input, the inverter should automatically protect and display;

e) reverse polarity protection, when the input terminal is positive and negative is reversed, the inverter shall have protection function and display;

f) Lightning protection: The inverter shall have lightning protection measures.

6.5.1.5 Temperature rise

The temperature rise of the semiconductor power device in the case of the rated output of the inverter shall be lower than the relevant regulations; the temperature rise of the transformer and the inductor shall not exceed 75°C; the temperature rise of the connecting wire inside the device shall not exceed 45°C.

6.5.1.6 Efficiency

In the case of the rated output of the inverter, the inverter with a capacity of not more than 2 kVA should have an efficiency of greater than or equal to 80%; and the inverter with a capacity of more than 2 kVA, the efficiency should be greater than or equal to 85%.

6.5.1.7 Load Capacity

Under the rated current, the continuous and reliable operating time of the inverter should be greater than or equal to 8h; under the 125% rated current, the continuous and reliable operating time of the inverter should be greater than or equal to 1min; at the 150% rated current, the inverter is continuously reliable Working hours should be greater than or equal to 10s.

6.5.1.8 No-load loss

The input voltage is the rated value. When the load is zero, the no-load loss of the inverter should not exceed 3% of the rated output.

6.5.1.9 Insulation Resistance and Dielectric Strength

a) The insulation resistance between the electrical circuit and the grounded parts of the housing should be greater than or equal to 20 MΩ;

b) The sinusoidal 50Hz and 1500V voltage shall be able to withstand the test between the circuit and the housing for 1min without breakdown.

6.5.2 Technical Requirements for Grid-connected Inverters

6.5.2.1 Harmonic components

THD ≤ 5%.

6.5.2.2 DC Input Ripple

VPP∕Vin≤10%.

6.5.2.3 Protection

Reverse polarity protection, short circuit protection, island effect protection, overheat protection, overload protection, ground protection.

6.5.2.4 Maximum efficiency

Η≥93%.

6.5.2.5 Grid Adaptation Area

220V ± 20%, 380V ± 20% or according to the scope of product regulations.

6.5.2.6 Ambient temperature

-15°C to +45°C.

6.5.2.7 Insulation Resistance and Dielectric Strength

a) The insulation resistance between the electrical circuit and the grounded parts of the housing should be greater than or equal to 20 MΩ;

b) The sinusoidal 50Hz and 1500V voltage shall be able to withstand the test between the circuit and the housing for 1min without breakdown.

6.5.2.8 Protection Level

According to product specifications.

6.5.2.9 Load Capacity

When the rated current is output, the continuous and reliable operating time of the inverter shall be greater than or equal to 4h; when the 120% rated current is output, the continuous and reliable operating time of the inverter shall be greater than or equal to 1min.

6.6 Equipment Installation and Arrangement

6.6.1 The installation position of the control box and battery should be as close as possible to the square array and the electrical equipment.

6.6.2 The control box and battery set placed outdoors shall be provided with rainproof and water measures. When the ambient temperature is lower than 0°C or higher than 35°C, the battery set shall be provided with anti-freezing or sun protection and heat insulation measures.

6.7 Power Feeder Laying and Connection

6.7.1 After the feed line passes through the threading pipe, the pipe mouth shall be waterproofed and protected against rat.

6.7.2 The cable and feed line should use the entire length of line material, not in the middle connector.

6.7.3 The positive and negative poles of the power supply feeder shall have a uniform color sign at both ends, and the output of the square array shall also have the numbered sign of the square matrix. The location of the installation cable must be taped and jacketed.

6.7.4 Before connecting the square-array cable and the battery feeder to the control cabinet, disconnect the relevant switch or fuse in the control cabinet and operate in the order in which the storage battery is connected to the square array first.

6.7.5 Copper connectors shall be installed at both ends of the square-array cable and the battery feeder. The specifications of the copper connector shall match the wire diameter.

6.7.6 The contact portion of the wire connector and the device shall be flat, clean, straight, and screw-fastened, and shall not subject the terminal to mechanical stress.

6.7.7 After the power feeder is connected, the cable at the connector shall be firmly fixed on the conductor card of the control cabinet.

6.7.8 The control cabinet outlet hole must be equipped with aprons.

6.8 power test

6.8.1 Before the test, check that the pointers of all tables should be at zero position and there is no jamming phenomenon. Each switch and knife should be flexible and in close contact. The capacity specification of the fuse should be in accordance with the regulations, and the wiring is correct. No contact with ground, short circuit, and dummy Welding and other situations.

6.8.2 Connect the battery pack, and then enter each sub-matrix one by one to input and test the charging voltage, float voltage and charging current of each sub-matrix, and the results should meet the design requirements.

6.8.3 The functional indicators of the controller shall meet the following basic requirements:

a) The input circuit of the square matrix should be provided with a reverse charge diode;

b) When the battery capacity is sufficient, each sub-matrix can be broken one by one at different set control points;

c) There should be an alarm signal for the open and short circuit of the square matrix;

d) After any fuse is blown, there should be an alarm signal;

e) When the battery voltage is "too high" or "too low", there should be protection devices and provide an alarm signal;

f) The setting and reading of parameters can be realized at the remote end.

6.9 System Protection

6.9.1 The distance between the edge of the roof railing and the edge of the square array shall not be less than 1m. The floor fence or the railing shall be determined according to the actual situation.

6.9.2 The height of the floor fence or railing shall be determined according to actual conditions, but shall not affect the illumination of the surface of the square array.

6.9.3 The joint grounding system shall be separately set up for the working grounding, protective grounding and lightning protection grounding of the solar photovoltaic power system. When necessary, it may also be considered in conjunction with the protection facilities for lightning protection and grounding systems of other facilities or buildings. The power input feeder end of the control box (cabinet) should be equipped with a lightning protection device.

6.9.4 When a square array is to be provided with a lightning protection device, the lightning rod should be placed at the highest position on the back of the square, and the distance from the edge of the square array should be greater than 2m. The grounding wire of the lightning arrester is forbidden to lead directly from the square array rack.

6.9.5 The grounding resistance of the square array is not more than 10Ω, and the grounding resistance of the joint grounding is not more than 1Ω.

6.9.6 In earthquake areas with a basic intensity of 7 degrees or more and areas where the wind power is greater than 10, reinforcement measures shall be taken for the phalanx and other equipment.

6.10 maximum power output

Photovoltaic power plant power generation detection refers to whether the maximum power output of the power station meets the design requirements of the power station when the solar array meets a specific solar radiation flux of 1000 W/m2. The maximum power output of the photovoltaic power plant design is: XkW ± 5%. (X is the maximum design power).

7 test methods

7.1 open-air testing of components

The test shall be conducted under conditions where the total solar irradiance is greater than 800 W/m2 and the irradiance instability during the test period is less than ±1%.

8 inspection rules

8.1 Inspection Classification

Settlement inspections and routine inspections.

8.2 settlement inspection

8.2.1 Delivery inspections must be conducted one by one.

8.2.2 In the event of any failure in the inspection, the inspection shall be stopped, the cause of the failure identified, the failure corrected and the marking marked, and then the delivery inspection shall be conducted again. If any failure still occurs, the product is judged as unqualified.

8.3 routine inspection

8.3.1 Continuously produced products shall be routinely inspected at least once a year. Routine inspections should be performed when changing the design and main processes and replacing major components or materials.

8.3.2 Routine inspections shall be performed by the quality inspection department of the manufacturing unit or other quality inspection department approved by the government.

9 project acceptance

9.1 Technical Documents

9.1.1 The technical documentation should include the following:

a) Installation Engineering

b) project description;

c) test records;

d) As-built drawings;

e) completion inspection records;

f) engineering quantity change table;

g) major engineering accident report form;

h) Installed equipment schedules;

i) Start report;

j) Suspension report;

k) acceptance certificate;

l) Others.

9.1.2 Assembled technical documents shall ensure quality, be clean in appearance, complete in content, accurate in data, and marked in detail. As-built drawings may be reviewed and handed over using the drawings provided by the design unit. For the changed parts of the drawings, red pens shall be used to correct the original drawings. Unable to show on drawing paper, you should add drawings.

9.2 Acceptance Items and Contents

When the project is completed and inspected, items 6.1, 6.2, 6.3, 6.4, 6.6, 6.7 and 6.9 of the content of this standard shall be inspected. The construction site representative shall no longer repeat the inspection when the project is inspected and the visa item is handed over. Such as the acceptance organization thinks. If necessary, repeat the inspection.

Magnetic Level

Magnetic Level,Magnetic Level Gauge,Magnetostrictive Level,Float Level Gauge

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