Watch out for two major diseases of grapes in the rainy season
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The law of onset Grape white rot is an infectious disease caused by fungal white rot. The soil of the vineyard contains a large number of conidia and is the main source of infection. Spores in the soil spread with the splash of rain or soil, reaching the surface of the vine's ears, branches, leaves, etc., invading through the natural orifice of the wound, fruit stem or leaf. After the disaster, after the storm, the temperature reached 22 ° C ~ 27 ° C, the disease occurred seriously. It usually begins in the middle and late June, and enters the peak period from late July to mid-August.
Prevention and control method 1 Enhance the tree potential and improve disease resistance. Rational fertilization, control the load, strengthen the cultivating and weeding. Discharge in time after the rain, pick the heart and tie the vines to prevent dullness. 2 The ear part should be 40-50 cm away from the ground to reduce the spread of germs in the soil. 3 In the growing season, remove the diseased ears and diseased branches in time to prevent infection. 4 Spray protection of ears from early June to August. Poor effect with Bordeaux solution, optional 50% Fumex double wettable 800 times mixture and 65% mancozeb wettable 800 times mixed solution or 75% chlorothalonil wettable powder 800 to 1000 times Liquid, 80% of mancozeb WP 800 times, sprayed once every half month. Ground grass, mulch or ear bagging can also isolate pathogens.
Second, the symptoms of grape anthracnose hazard Grape anthracnose occurs in the fruit, cob, leaves and new shoots, mainly to the fruit. Most of the disease occurs in the apex of the lower ear, especially in the fruit near the ground, and then gradually spread to the upper part of the plant. At the onset of the fruit, water-soaked pale brown spots or snow-like lesions appear on the fruit surface, and then gradually expand into round, dark brown, slightly sunken lesions, which produce many black small grain spots arranged in a concentric pattern. shape. In the case of moisture, the pink particles are fading out of the small particles, which is the conidia of the pathogen.
Occurrence law The pathogens mainly overwinter on the result branches and diseased branches, and the immature fruit period begins to dip. The occurrence of the disease is closely related to the rainfall situation, and the next rain is accompanied by a large number of lesions. Summer shears are not timely, the branches are dense, the rainy season is poorly drained, the grass is heavy, and the terrain is low, which will help the disease.
Control method 1 Eliminate the source of overwintering bacteria. Combined with winter pruning, the dead branches, ear stalks, tendrils, etc. remaining on the plants and on the branches are removed, and the litter falling on the ground is completely removed, and burned or buried deeply. 2 drug control during the dormant period. In the spring when the grapes are germinated (before germination), the resulting mother shoots are sprayed with a mixture of Baume 3 degree stone sulphur mixture and sodium pentachlorophenol 200 times. First, dissolve the sodium pentachlorophenol with the whole amount of water, then pour the mixture into the stone sulphur mixture. Evenly, do not reverse the mixing order. 3 medication after falling flowers. After the flower was dropped, the whole tree was sprayed until the base of the new shoots was lignified (about the beginning of July), and the base of the shoots was the main point of the spray. The agents used are: 50% antibacterial 800 times solution, carbendazim - jinggangmycin wettable powder 800 to 1000 times solution, 80% anthrax fumei 600 times solution and 75% chlorothalonil WP 800 Double liquid. Since July, every 10 to 15 days, the medicine is sprayed once, with the focus on protecting the ears. At this time, if the incidence is light, it can be sprayed with a protective fungicide, such as a 1:0.5:200 type Bordeaux mixture, 78% of Cobo 500-600 times liquid or 80% of a spray 600-800 times liquid, etc. .