Water-soluble fertilizer: the standard of sleepy

Xinjiang Changji Autonomous Prefecture, COFCO Tunhe Million Tomato Industrial Park, endless blue sky, a row of ridge tomatoes arranged in a square, like a huge Corps, spectacular. You may ask how many people are needed to fertilize this million acres of tomato garden? But in the vast tomato gardens, there is no way to see the spread of fertilizers and machines. One of the secrets is that here is a new type of fertilizer - water soluble fertilizer.

It is understood that water soluble fertilizer is a new type of fertilizer that can be completely dissolved in water and developed in China in recent years. It is an industrial-grade fertilizer such as diammonium phosphate, urea, and potassium chloride, which is relatively soluble in water. It is scientifically formulated according to a certain ratio, and boron, iron, zinc, copper, molybdenum, and chelated trace elements are added. Through a new production process, a chemical fertilizer that can be completely dissolved in water can be fertilized by submerged infiltration or drip irrigation. Because it has the characteristics of improving fertilizer efficiency, saving fertilizer, saving labor, increasing production, etc., it is hailed as the new direction for the development of China's fertilizer industry in the 21st century.

According to experts, China's water-soluble fertilizer industry began large-scale development in 2007. At present, there are more than 200 chemical fertilizer production enterprises in the country that have filed for the production of water-soluble fertilizers in the Ministry of Agriculture. The number of registered water-soluble fertilizer products has reached more than 3,000, and there are a large number of elements. Water-soluble fertilizer, trace element water-soluble fertilizer, middle-element water-soluble fertilizer, amino acid-containing water-soluble fertilizer, and humic acid-containing water-soluble fertilizer. Last year, the country's output of water-soluble fertilizer was 400,000-600,000 tons, and its production increased by more than 50% from the previous year.

However, behind this hot market, water soluble fertilizers have encountered standard problems.

There are no standards at all.

"At present, the water-soluble fertilizer industry does not have a general industry standard, so the entry threshold for the industry is very low, what kind of companies can do water-soluble fertilizer, making this industry a bit messy." Mianyang Lianchuang, one of the domestic professional manufacturers of water-soluble fertilizer A person in charge of the Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. said that at present, many domestic water-soluble fertilizer production enterprises are engaged in the production of water-soluble fertilizers without any technical content of simple physical compounding. Many water-soluble fertilizer production enterprises are several workers using the ocean shovel will contain nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium nutrient raw materials, such as agricultural monoammonium phosphate, urea, ammonium sulfate in accordance with the appropriate formula directly mixed out of the physical. “Their products use common raw materials, so the cost is low and the price is low, but because there are no detailed standards for the matching of different types of raw materials, you can’t say who’s good is not good, and who’s Fake and shoddy products."

Anda Chemicals, a water-soluble fertilizer business in Shandong, a staff member surnamed Guo said that the use of industrial raw materials to produce water-soluble fertilizer raw materials cost between 5000 ~ 7000 yuan / ton, and some use of ordinary raw materials for the production of water-soluble fertilizer market sales price is lower than this.

The National Fertilizer Quality Inspection Center (Shanghai) Director ** confirmed that by the end of 2010, China had only issued four standards for water-soluble fertilizer products, namely a large number of water-soluble fertilizers, trace element water-soluble fertilizers, amino acid-containing water-soluble fertilizers, and humus Acid water soluble fertilizer. However, there are already quite a few varieties of water-soluble fertilizer products. They have not yet had time to formulate relevant standards. Without standards, there can be no effective market supervision.

Zhang Chenglin, Research Center of Crop Nutrition and Fertilizer, School of Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, said that the "water soluble fertilization standard for large amounts of elements" does not specify the appearance indicators of liquid water soluble fertilizer products in detail, and in particular it does not provide detailed information on the uniformity of liquid water soluble fertilizer products. standard. Many liquid water soluble fertilizers on the market have problems of sedimentation, delamination, etc. Although high-concentration liquid water-soluble fertilizer products have normal sedimentation delamination, they must be within a certain proportion to not affect the product and use. However, current standards do not stipulate the proportion of deposited layers, and it is easy to bring substandard products into the market.

Yang Yi, deputy chief engineer of the National Fertilizer Quality Supervision and Inspection Center (Shanghai), said that currently there are about 30 currently valid standards related to water-soluble fertilizers in foreign countries, which constitutes a complete standard system that regulates the development of the industry.

Peng Wei, manager of the Haifa Chemical Industry Company's Beijing office in Israel, said that lack of a water-soluble fertilizer industry standard makes it difficult to promote high-end products. He said that when Israel's Haifa company entered the Chinese market, there was a lot of confusion about product promotion because of the lack of industry standards. “Before, our product production could only rely on the compound fertilizer standard, and we encountered a lot of problems in production and sales. Especially since it was very difficult at first, we had to convince agricultural scientists and then persuade dealers. After a long time, The promotion, although allowing the farmers to understand that the use of products can indeed bring benefits, but the promotion is still very difficult."

Some indicators are unreasonable. Wang Dawei, general manager of Qingdao Shengpu Company, said that there are some indicators of the existing water-soluble fertilizer products that are unreasonable, making the company somewhat at a loss.

For example, he said, for example, the provisions of trace elements in water-soluble fertilizers with a total nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium content of 50%. The current standards have different requirements for the trace elements contained in this product, both the requirement of 0.5% and the requirement of 1%. “In fact, the addition of 1% trace elements to water-soluble fertilizers with 50% N, P and K contents is very dangerous and may cause crop poisoning. However, if such companies produce trace amounts of trace elements in water-soluble fertilizers, they will not meet the standards. It will be treated as a substandard product. Therefore, the company is very helpless."

The 1% he said is only one of the indicators that confuses companies in the current water-soluble fertilizer standards.

Duan Xianxian, the chief agronomist of Shenzhen Batian Ecological Engineering Co., Ltd., believes that the current large-scale elemental water-soluble fertilizers do not set data for controlling the fineness of water-insoluble substances, and only set a figure of no more than 5%. In addition, this indicator of insoluble matter not exceeding 5% in the current standard is also widened, resulting in many products of nominal water-soluble fertilizers that cannot actually be applied to drip irrigation equipment for fertilization. For example, the high water hardness in the northern part of the phosphorus in the fertilizer easily reacts with the calcium and magnesium in the water to precipitate and drip the dripper. In order to produce more multi-level products that meet the needs of the market, Padian company can only transform its own fertilizer process. Fertilizers used for drip irrigation and sprinkler irrigation stipulate the company's own standards according to different water-insoluble requirements. Irrigated fertilizers need to be regulated through a series of issues such as pipeline installations. The standard water insoluble matter index is much higher than the requirements of the large number of elements water soluble fertilizer standards.

Wang Xu, executive deputy director of the National Fertilizer Quality Inspection Center (Beijing), also stated: “At present, the most controversial indicator of the existing standards in the industry is the content of water-insoluble substances. The major feature of water-soluble fertilizers is that they can quickly dissolve in water, and Can be used for drip irrigation, sprinkler irrigation equipment, and the existing standards require the content of water insoluble matter ≤ 5%, the water-soluble fertilizer produced by this standard can not be used for drip irrigation equipment.

Therefore, many experts have suggested that national standards should be used to determine the Hellenic degree of water insolubles according to the products used for different facilities: water insolubles less than 0.1% can be used in drip irrigation systems, water insolubles less than 0.5% can be used For sprinkler systems, water insolubles less than 5% can only be used for flushing, showering, pouring, etc. At the same time, manufacturers are required to specify the content of water-insoluble substances on the fertilizer packaging so as to facilitate the user's choice and to prevent the occurrence of real situations.

Some indicators do not match there are experts pointed out that one of the biggest differences between water-soluble fertilizer and common fertilizer is that the fertilization method is different. Whether it is for drip fertigation or for fertigation, its products must be rigorously matched with the relevant fertilization facilities in order to maximize their effectiveness. Therefore, the domestic water-soluble fertilizer standards must not only restrict the product quality and performance, but also have relevant standards to promote the matching of products and fertilizer facilities. However, there is no such standard. The current standards of these standards are mainly for foliar fertilizers, but the scope of use of water-soluble fertilizers has been greatly expanded, and more is used for drip irrigation and fertigation. Many nominally water-soluble fertilizers cannot actually be applied to drip irrigation equipment.

Chen Qing, a professor at the China Agricultural University's College of Resources and Resources, said that the integration of water and fertilizer technology is a new agricultural technology that integrates irrigation and fertilization. It is the best way to combine irrigation and fertilization. It is a method of fertilizing water-soluble fertilizers in water and fertilizing it with water through an irrigation system, and fertilizes while irrigating. However, at present, water-soluble fertilizers and these irrigation and fertigation facilities still have problems, making it difficult to combine irrigation systems and fertilization. For example, the acidity and alkalinity of water-soluble fertilizers and the problem of acid and alkali resistance in irrigation facilities, as well as the size of drippers and sprinklers in irrigation facilities and the content of insoluble substances in water-soluble fertilizers, etc.

A technician from Beijing Chengyu Jiaxin Agri-products Trade Co., Ltd. stated that drip irrigation and sprinkler irrigation facilities in different regions are basically designed to consider the needs of irrigation, but they rarely consider fertilizing. need. Therefore, the current water-soluble fertilizer can only passively adapt to this status quo of irrigation facilities, making the marketing of water-soluble fertilizer more difficult. If the relevant departments can establish a docking standard system that considers both irrigation and fertilization, it will greatly expand the market space for water soluble fertilizers.

Sun Shengjun, chairman of Beijing Fullsun Agricultural Technology Co., Ltd., said that water-soluble fertilizer companies do not understand that irrigation will restrict the development of enterprises; irrigation companies who do not understand the use of fertilizers will also restrict the development of the irrigation industry. For water-soluble fertilisers used for irrigation and fertilization, if only the standard of the fertilizer itself is not enough, it must be through the standard to achieve an effective combination of water-soluble fertilizer and fertilization facilities. He believes that the establishment of a unified system of farmland water conservancy facilities and fertilizers is very urgent. Relevant standards should be formulated to regulate the application of fertigation and fertilization services. The establishment of such a standard system can avoid the difficulties brought about by the separate administration and system failure, and can also realize the linkage between the water conservancy departments responsible for the construction of irrigation facilities and the water-soluble fertilizer production enterprises, and solve the problem of the connection between the production and use of water-soluble fertilizers to the maximum extent. .