Different fertilization of lettuce and cooked vegetables
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In the absorption and utilization of fertilizers, the ability of vegetables depends on the "seepage" between the high and low sucrose concentrations in the fiber. The pressure difference promotes the flow of nutrient solution, and the roots and stems are pulled by the water transpiration of the leaves. The operation and absorption of fertilizers make them exchange and operate in balance and imbalance, so that the growth and development of the vegetable plants. In the lettuce field where vegetables are grown, the concentration of soil nutrient solution is small, and the "seepage pit" is large. The signal of the form of sucrose as the main component in the plant body is strong, and the regulation ability is large. The application of fertilizer to such vegetable fields is catering to it. The urgent demand for vegetables and the rapid absorption and utilization of fertilizers have contributed to the obvious effects of multiple fertilization and increased yield. However, due to the large nutrient consumption of the soil, the “seepage pit†is small, and the sucrose signal transmission and regulation ability of the plant is weak. Even in some cooked vegetable fields where vegetables are often grown, the “seepage pit†is lost due to sufficient nutrients. Excessive fertilization of such vegetable plots can not only promote the absorption and utilization of fertilizers by vegetables, but also lead to the obstruction of nutrients in the vegetable plants, and many physiological obstacles that are harmful to the normal growth of vegetables, resulting in the destruction of dead seedlings. Or many dehydrated dead seedlings or rotten dead seedlings are "sustained".
Many ripening vegetable fields that grow vegetables all year round will have some soil aging. The main performance is the increase of pathogens and residual toxicity, soil compaction, lack of organic matter, due to the large application of compound fertilizer, diammonium and Other chemical fertilizers, neglecting the application of organic fertilizers, causing soil compaction, reduced permeability, aerobic microbial activity decline, root dysplasia, easy Affected by the disease. Excessive application of chemical fertilizers, the pH value of vegetable plots increased, soil salinization increased. Insufficient trace elements, trace elements such as zinc, boron, iron and molybdenum in the soil for many years are widely absorbed by vegetables, and when they are not supplemented, these trace elements will be reduced year by year, seriously affecting the growth and development of vegetables. The soil is shallowly ploughed, and the vegetable plots are mostly manually digging. The intercropping of intercropping plants is less digging, the soil layer is gradually shallower, affecting the root extension, while the lettuce is not long due to planting vegetables. The above phenomenon, thus the utilization rate of fertilization is high, and the effect of increasing yield is remarkable.
For these two types of vegetable land, in order to make the vegetables grow normally and obtain good benefits of increasing production and income, it is necessary to fertilize properly, so that the vegetable land maintains a proper nutrient concentration, so that the vegetables maintain a moderate plant "seepage" effect. The principle of scientific fertilization is:
One is to add a large amount of decomposed organic fertilizer. Especially for cooked vegetables, it is advisable to stop using chemical fertilizers and a single nitrogen fertilizer.
The second is to adhere to the application of plant straw, manure and human and animal manure organic fertilizers throughout the year to improve the agglomerate structure of the soil, so that the water, fertilizer and heat are clearly coordinated. The acidified or alkalized soil should be modified. In addition to the application of organic fertilizer, moderate fertilizer should be applied in an appropriate amount. For example, the soil is acidic and can be neutralized by lime or grass ash. The soil is alkaline and can be applied with ammonium sulfate or superphosphate. Calcium regulation to improve the acidification properties of the soil.
The third is to implement a reasonable rotation of different vegetables, whether it is lettuce or cooked vegetables, it is not appropriate to plant the same vegetables on the same vegetable floor. It should be repeated for a long time.
The fourth is to adhere to the principle of scientific fertilization. It maintains 19 kg of pure nitrogen per mu, 7 kg of effective phosphorus and 30 kg of pure potassium. Before fertilization, first test the effective content of the soil, then measure the variety and quantity that need to be supplemented, and then determine the application method and quantity according to the variety and seedling condition. The general principle is: "raw vegetable fields" and vegetable fields with thin soils; the "cooked vegetables" and fertile soils are less applied. The ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium was 2.5:0.9:5.5. Appropriately supplement boron and zinc fertilizers, pay attention to the special fertilizer for multi-element vegetables. The fertilizer seedlings are timely controlled to control the fertilizer, and the growth regulator is sprayed outside the root. When salt damage or fertilizer damage occurs, water the vegetable field in time, cover the thin soil, press the salt and buffer the soil nutrient concentration to prevent the vegetable from being fattened.