Greenhouse vegetable fertilization should be scientific
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There are four major advantages in implementing soil testing and formula fertilization. First, through soil testing, it is possible to make up for the lack of sputum, how much to make up, avoid fertilizer waste, reduce investment, and improve fertilizer utilization. Second, nutrient supply coordination, crops Improve disease resistance and improve the quality of agricultural products; third, increase crop yield and increase income; fourth, save fertilizer and protect the environment. At present, the soil testing and formula fertilization work has just begun. Some farmers still have insufficient understanding of soil testing, fertilizer testing and formula fertilization. The soil testing and formula fertilization work is not detailed or comprehensive, which restricts the development of soil testing and formula fertilization. Vegetable production in greenhouses has the characteristics of high yield and good benefits. Soil testing and formula fertilization are more important. 1. Organic fertilizers combined with chemical fertilizers. Organic fertilizer has the advantages of comprehensive nutrient, improved soil, improved crop quality, and improved soil and crop resilience. Fertilizer has the advantages of high nutrient content, fast fertilizer efficiency and convenient application. Therefore, in the process of greenhouse vegetable production, on the basis of the application of organic fertilizer, through soil nutrient differentiation test, scientific use of chemical fertilizers, so that organic fertilizers can be combined with chemical fertilizers, mutual complement each other, to achieve both yield and yield. Improve the fertility and achieve the goal of high yield, high efficiency, high quality and environmental protection of vegetables.
2. Nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium are combined and the proportion is coordinated. Under the conditions of protected cultivation, the main crops planted generally have the advantages of strong fertilizer resistance and high yield. Generally, the soil nutrient content is difficult to meet the requirements, and must be solved by fertilization, and must be combined with nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. And the proportion should be coordinated. Under normal circumstances, the application ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus pentoxide and potassium oxide in the new greenhouse should be about 1:0.5-0.7:1.2-1.5, and the greenhouse for more than three years, nitrogen and five. The application ratio of phosphorus oxide and potassium oxide can be controlled to be about 1:0.3-0.5:0.8-1.0.
3. Nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium are applied together with trace elements. There are 13 kinds of mineral nutrients absorbed by crops from the soil. From the characteristics of most greenhouse vegetables in Shouguang City, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium must be applied. The other two trace elements, zinc and boron, are also applied because The soil contents of these two elements are relatively low, and the demand for these two elements in protected cultivated vegetables is higher than that of field crops. Therefore, these two kinds of trace element fertilizers should be applied together with nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium.
4, soil testing formula fertilization. To truly achieve soil testing and formula fertilization, before fertilization, the first test is to test the applied fertilizer. Only the quality of the fertilizer is exactly the same as the quantity indicated on the package, and the application can be applied. Second, the soil must be tested. To test the soil with a regular, measurement-certified inspection agency with the ability to routinely test the soil and fertilizer; thirdly, according to the results of soil nutrient determination, according to the fertilizer requirements of different vegetables, combined with the nutrient utilization rate of soil and fertilizer, recommended fertilization In the absence of nutrients, which nutrient surplus is used less or not used, to avoid the waste of fertilizer. In the process of soil testing and formula fertilization, it is recommended to recommend a suitable proportion of compound fertilizers, or to combine nitrogen fertilizers, phosphate fertilizers, and potassium fertilizers on the basis of equal proportion of compound fertilizers; The fertilizer is applied by itself. 