Pump Technology Development Overview
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First, an overview All along, the pump power loss and pump maintenance is twisting the user's two major problems. Loss of power leads to increased costs and maintenance of the pump during operation is always a headache for the user. Undoubtedly, the technological changes in two areas, including improving pump efficiency and reducing pump maintenance cost, have become the driving forces behind the development of pump technology. Based on the analysis of the recent development of pump technology, this paper reveals the technical characteristics of pump efficiency improvement, the reason why inverter drive, intelligent pump and pump system are widely used, and introduces the application of electronic components and the efforts made by Europe and the United States for the pump standard. Second, to improve the efficiency of pump technology development In 1995, the European pump, the European pump manufacturing industry association has established an energy-saving projects, began to focus on energy-saving research. In the meantime, the American Hydraulics Society (HI) and the American Pump Industry and Trade Association have assisted the U.S. Department of Energy in preparation for the production of video footage of pump and pump system energy savings. Later, HI formed the Life Cycle Cost (LCC) Committee for Pump Products to promote the concept of life cycle costs for pumps and pump systems to pump users, manufacturers and engineers. For most pumps, one of the most important factors in LCC is power loss, so the LCC study has been formulated as a project that is energy-efficient with Euro pumps. On a secondary basis, pump manufacturers worldwide are re-engineering research and development that is designed to increase pump efficiency and reduce pump power losses during operation. It is noteworthy that the pump is already a mature product, so the possibility of simply increasing the pump efficiency is small. However, research in this area to improve pump efficiency losses is very promising. Some manufacturers use NASA's non-metallic materials or carbon to plug the gaps in pump operation, improving pump efficiency. Such as the pump impeller and the inner ring of the pump gap, the gap between the middle bushing and so on. Some countries are also quietly studying and trying to improve the quality of the flow path inside the pump. The smoother the shell surface, the smaller the water resistance. Thus increasing the efficiency of the pump. Composites are comparable to many metals and can be machined to create a smooth surface. The blades of the impeller are machined into different geometries and assembled to the impeller. As a result, design engineers do not have to worry about the surface roughness of the pump housing, centering or other casting problems. Composites can replace copper-tin alloy (bronze) and 316 stainless steel for brine or corrosive fluids. However, in non-abrasive, non-corrosive fluids, such as water purification, composites still do not have the advantage of competing with cast steel. Variable Frequency Drive In most countries, Variable Frequency Drive (VFD) is more used for large pumps that require precise flow control, variable speed, or long-term operation, with high power losses. 1. Applications (1) Commercial Construction Matches VFD to air conditioning systems Closed loop pump water for cooling water in tall buildings. (2) Pipeline industry In order to save energy in the pump pipeline industry, many countries use VFD. In the pipeline industry to use a large number of large pumps (power up to 10000 horsepower), so the amount of VFD is also very large. (3) Centrifugal pumps Centrifugal pumps employ a movable shaft design that results in the first critical speed being above the maximum operating speed; also resulting in a reduced output speed of the VFD approaching the pump's other critical speeds. But sometimes there is a problem of vibration that is not sure, but finding the problem will be solved. (4) In addition, a large number of VFDs are used in the electrical, food processing, water and wastewater treatment industries; a small amount of VFD is used in the pharmaceutical, chemical and refining industries. Pumps, while not central to these areas, play a crucial role. These industries use more small pumps than large ones, and they can use the regulator to control the flow rate instead of a variable-speed energy-saving small pump. 2. Key Features (1) Energy Savings A large number of VFDs are used in the water treatment and wastewater industry, saving energy when VFDs are used to change the flow output, which saves energy by using VFD rather than switching off and starting a separate pump. (2) Convenient When a single pump shutdown and start method requires a large number of pumps when the flow rate is small, only a certain number of pumps are required to use the variable speed pump method and the water hammer caused when the pump is turned off is avoided. (3) Special Features Using VFD in food processing allows for the participation or process control of multiple fluids. In the electrical industry, VFD is used to regulate the speed of the boiler feed pump. As the load decreases and steam decreases, the drive of the motor or main turbine generator shaft can utilize VFD to adjust the boiler speed of the boiler feed pump to match the needs of the system and save energy. Sometimes separated steam turbines are used to drive boiler feed pumps and to change pump speed and flow output. 3. Additional Features VFD replaces flow control valves and monitoring instrumentation for precise flow control. VFD control pump speed changes in order to achieve pump output pressure or output flow control. VFD can make the pump steady start, to avoid the pump at the beginning of full speed start, a sudden increase in flow, resulting in water hammer phenomenon. At the same time, reduce the impact of the fluid and mechanical pressure, reducing system fatigue, saving the cost of the motor, increasing the life of the pump. 4. New Developments In recent years, it has become commonplace for VFDs to be used as components in displacement control in powertrain systems. Its function is equivalent to a process controller controlling the output of a positive displacement pump. Fourth, intelligent pump Intelligent pump is a new product, its concept varies from person to person, we talk about the smart pump is the use of instrumentation testing equipment to feed back to the scene intelligent pump intelligence analysis system, after analysis, judgment, analysis system When and how the pump is malfunctioning. Because monitoring equipment and pump operation are closely linked, monitoring equipment becomes crucial to pump users. The pump manager needs to know what the mean time between failures (MTBF) is for a given pump run in order to schedule MTOBs and repair and replace worn and damaged parts in time. HI has written articles that list 14 ways to monitor centrifugal pumps