Where is the photovoltaic industry road?
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The solar photovoltaic industry was originally considered to be the sought after human being to get rid of the fossil energy crisis and achieve the green growth of the sunrise industry. However, this strategic emerging industry is currently facing a severe test. In the face of the cruel market game, the domestic PV industry must grasp the vitality and seek a way out. It must have the spirit of a relatively bold game, and must strive to achieve a win-win situation. It must strive for the best results and the worst. The intention is that everything should be aimed at preserving the strength of the industry. This issue of "Economic Daily News CCTV Joint Commentary" focuses on the topic - where is the photovoltaic industry road. There is such a classic line in Shakespeare's famous drama "Hamlet": survival or destruction, this is a problem. At the moment, the domestic PV industry seems to be facing such a test. Some reports from the media said that China's photovoltaic industry has suffered from the "double-reverse" investigation in the US and Europe. The overseas market has been severely hindered. The existing production capacity is obviously over-capacity, corporate debt has increased sharply, the capital chain is tight, and the survival prospects are not optimistic. The solar photovoltaic industry was originally considered to be the sought after human being to get rid of the fossil energy crisis and achieve the green growth of the sunrise industry. As early as May 2007, the European Parliament passed an official declaration to strengthen the development of new energy industries and improve energy efficiency, and proposed specific indicators to increase energy efficiency by 20% by 2020. Correspondingly, with the advancement of the EU's low-carbon strategy, it not only makes it a huge advantage in technology research and development, raw materials and equipment manufacturing, but also makes it the world's largest PV market. According to public information, the EU accounts for about 70% of the global installed capacity of photovoltaics, and last year it reached a scale of tens of billions of dollars. At the beginning of US President Barack Obama's appointment, he also regarded new energy as the development focus, and gave loan guarantees to new energy companies. Its photovoltaic installed capacity is second only to the EU, accounting for about 10% of the global total. At the same time, China has seized the huge market demand in the European and American markets in a timely manner. The photovoltaic industry has risen rapidly and has formed a clear competitive advantage in technological progress and intensive production. However, this strategic emerging industry is currently facing a severe test. A typical example is that Solindela, a California-based solar panel manufacturer that was once called by Obama to create a model for green energy employment, has declared bankruptcy a year ago because of poor management. Subsequently, European and American PV companies, led by a German company, ignited trade wars against Chinese companies in the US and Europe. Due to the successive debt crisis in the United States and Europe, the government's subsidy policy for the photovoltaic market has been drastically reduced. Last November, the German Ministry of Economic Affairs proposed to limit the installed capacity of new photovoltaic power generation in 2012 to 1GW to help control the government's high subsidies for photovoltaic power generation. Under the background of this policy, the capacity of the photovoltaic market in Europe and the United States has shrunk sharply, and the contradiction of overcapacity has emerged. The direct purpose of a few European and American companies to provoke a trade war in succession is obviously to reject Chinese companies outside the international market. If they can make China's photovoltaic industry suffer a heavy blow and help them to stand alone, it should be the result they expect. In the face of the cruel market game, the domestic PV industry must grasp the vitality and seek a way out. It must have the spirit of a relatively bold game, and must strive to achieve a win-win situation. It must strive for the best results and the worst. The intention is that everything should be aimed at preserving the strength of the industry. First, the government, industry, and enterprises should establish a "three-in-one" coordination mechanism as soon as possible, and jointly prepare for full counter-attacks, and strive to grasp more chips in the international trade war in a flash, and curb foreign trade protection. As new energy industries such as photovoltaics have formed a highly internationalized industrial chain and value chain, the interests of enterprises in various countries are intertwined, and a few companies rush to launch anti-dumping lawsuits for their own benefit, and promote the establishment of restrictions on photovoltaic products in the United States and Europe. The upstream and downstream development of the industry has caused extremely harmful chain reactions, which is undoubtedly worse for the European and American economies with weak recovery. At present, some PV companies in Europe have already seen the potential consequences of this "one thousand injured, self-damaged eight hundred", and clearly expressed their opposition to the EU launching a "double-reverse" investigation against China. They are worried that once the EU adopts punitive tariff measures, it will trigger China to take the same measures. This is a favorable condition for us to break through trade barriers. Second, domestic PV companies should make use of the free market policies announced by European and American countries, prepare for overseas investment and capacity transfer, and strive to expand new areas of survival and development, and strive for a win-win situation with the utmost sincerity. Although the PV industry policy in Europe has turned to subsidies in 2012, there are reports that residential PV projects remain economically attractive, while net metering tariffs in the Netherlands and Belgium are expected to boost demand for residential PV projects. It may become the main driving force for future PV demand in Europe. To this end, targeted overseas investment and construction of the plant can not only provide valuable capital and employment opportunities for the local economy, but also help to avoid punitive tariff risks and easily protect the hard-won industrial competitiveness. Third, the best way to strive for the best results, while doing the worst, is to put the development and development of the domestic PV market on the agenda as soon as possible. The US Department of Commerce announced a preliminary ruling on punitive countervailing duties for Chinese PV companies a few months ago. Although it is far from the complaints of seven solar panel manufacturers, this ruling may have a demonstration effect on the EU. We must Take some precautions. In addition, foreign manufacturers have filed a "double-reverse" lawsuit mainly because they are afraid of the competitive advantages that China's PV companies have formed, and overseas factories will also encounter many obstacles. In view of this, efforts to cultivate the domestic market and build a domestic and global-oriented photovoltaic industry and service system will become a fundamental solution to get rid of the crisis and strive for initiative. It should be pointed out that due to the lack of domestic market maneuver space for PV companies, product exports are frequently blocked, and it is helpless to fall into the predicament of survival. The pressure on energy conservation and emission reduction has reserved a future growth space for the PV industry. Taking 2010 data as an example, the global installed capacity was 17GW in the year, and China's only 800 megawatts. The potential growth of the industry is self-evident. At present, the photovoltaic industry should accelerate the merger and reorganization in the face of adversity, integrate production capacity, reduce debt risk, and strive to seek new competitive advantages in the entire industry chain on the basis of existing competitive advantages such as battery and component manufacturing. Government departments should accelerate the reform of the domestic power system, actively cultivate the distributed power market, and form a new energy industry system based on the domestic market and serve the global market as soon as possible, and guide the photovoltaic industry to get rid of the crisis as soon as possible.