China's metal air battery research progress
Metal air battery is one of the most promising green energy sources in the 21st century due to its rich raw material, high energy density, light weight, safety, and environmental protection. The search for a cost-effective oxygen reduction catalyst is a key challenge in the development of metal air batteries, and it is also a “bottleneck†restricting the widespread application of metal air batteries in electric vehicles and other fields. Recently, Professor Wang Weichao of Nankai University and Prof. Yao Yan of the University of Houston have jointly developed a research team to successfully apply manganese-based mullite as a catalyst to magnesium air cells. Compared with the traditional precious metal catalyst, the material greatly reduces the cost and can work stably in the neutral electrolyte, and its superior catalytic activity also greatly improves the efficiency of the magnesium air battery. This is the first time that mullite materials have been used in oxygen reduction reactions. Mullite is a type of ceramic material. Four years ago, Wang Weichao found in experiments that manganese-based mullite materials exhibited excellent catalytic effects during the conversion of nitric oxide to nitrogen dioxide. He predicted that mullite materials may be applied in connection with oxygen-related catalytic processes. Based on such a bold vision, Wang Weichao found Professor Yao Yan from the University of Houston, USA, who has rich experience in air battery R&D design and formed a joint research team. After extensive experiments and theoretical studies, they finally succeeded in applying manganese-based mullite materials for the first time as ORR catalysts for magnesium air cells. In neutral-solution sodium chloride solutions, the ORR reaction overpotential reached 0.78 V, close to that of noble metal platinum catalysts. The performance (0.7V), and the material stability is better than the latter. Preparation of manganese-based mullite catalysts and prediction of theoretical properties were completed by Prof. Wang Weichao's team. Prof. Yao Yan's research group realized the design of magnesium air battery using manganese-based mullite catalysts and prototyped a prototype button cell. The output voltage of the prototype battery can drive a red LED lamp, indicating that the catalyst has good catalytic activity and has great potential for application. The paper on this cooperation has been published online by internationally renowned academic publication Nano Energy. (Correspondent Wu Junhui reporter Feng Guojun)
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