Pollution-free fertilization technology question and answer

Mr. Xue from Tianjin asked: What is the significance of producing pollution-free food? What should be done about pollution-free agriculture?

A: The production of pollution-free food puts higher requirements on the production environment and production technology, which can encourage people to work hard to improve the production environment, improve production technology and management level, and strengthen the recycling of organic matter and mineral nutrients. Promote the sustainable development of agriculture while ensuring food safety for consumers. In addition, the development of pollution-free food will increase the international competitiveness of agricultural products and break the technical barriers in international trade. While fully affirming the positive significance of the development of pollution-free food, it must also be seen that pollution-free foods contain different levels of safe (no pollution) food, green food (also grade A and AA) and organic food, completely pollution-free. A goal that requires several generations of unremitting efforts to achieve gradually. As far as AA grade foods and organic foods are concerned, it has been proved that under current production conditions, if pesticides and fertilizers are not used at all, the average yield will be reduced by 30% to 40%. Even in developed countries, the production area of ​​organic foods is only 3%. ~5%, China is even less. Therefore, we must first vigorously promote and develop safe food for the majority of the people, through comprehensive fertilization and production management and environmental protection and other comprehensive measures to continuously improve the output and quality of agricultural products, reduce production costs, while at the same time AA-level green food and The development of organic food creates conditions and steadily expands the development space of advanced pollution-free food.

Ms. Ding of Shanxi Yuncheng asked: How to apply fertilizer if you want to develop organic food such as fruits and vegetables?

A: This issue includes both fertilizer selection and rational fertilization. In terms of fertilizers, organic agriculture mainly replenishes organic matter and soil nutrients taken from the soil by harvesting, regenerating and replenishing soil organic matter and nutrients. It is forbidden to use synthetic fertilizers; organic fertilizers should mainly originate from their own homes. Fertilizers on farms (or farms) or part of farms. The purchased organic fertilizer should be certified. Restriction of the use of human excreta must be fully decomposed and decontaminated in accordance with relevant requirements, and must not be in direct contact with the edible parts of the crop, and is prohibited from being applied on leafy vegetables, tubers and root crops. As far as fertilization is concerned, the principle of “full fertility of organic fertilizer, balanced nutrient balance and proper application” must be adhered to. The author found through research that even if the application of green manure or livestock manure is excessive or improper, it will cause excessive nitrate content in vegetables and accumulation of nitrate in soil and fruit quality.

Mr. Dai from Jilin Baicheng asked: Can you apply fertilizer if you want to develop green rice?

A: Green food is divided into AA grade (Grade 1) and Grade A (Grade 2). It produces AA grade green food. It is not allowed to use any synthetic fertilizer. Only organic fertilizer and some natural mineral fertilizer can be applied. Green food, allowing limited use of some chemical fertilizers, such as urea, diammonium phosphate, etc., but the use of nitrate nitrogen fertilizer and untreated and up to standard waste and sludge are prohibited. In terms of fertilization technology, emphasis is placed on organic fertilizers, supplemented by chemical fertilizers, and organic fertilizers combined with chemical fertilizers; and rational fertilization through soil testing formulas is advocated.

Mr. Li from Jiaozuo, Henan Province: I have a relative in Shouguang, Shandong. I planted organic strawberries with straw bioreactor technology. I can get more than 10,000 yuan a year in a arable greenhouse. Can I use it to produce organic food?

A: Of course. Bioreactor technology is to convert crop straw into carbon dioxide, heat, organic and inorganic nutrients needed for plant growth under certain conditions, to achieve soil fertility, promote crop growth, increase yield and improve Quality agricultural measures are an effective way to solve the fertilizer needed for the production of organic agricultural products. However, there are two points for individual farmers to pay special attention to: First, the production of organic agricultural products is a high-level comprehensive management process, not only for fertilizers and fertilization, but also for crop production environment, production technology and product processing and transportation. Other aspects must also meet the standards of the state or related industries. Second, before the organic food enters the market, it needs to obtain the certification of relevant departments and conduct market prospects investigation, which is often difficult for small-scale individual farmers. Therefore, in order to achieve the desired goals, it is necessary to create conditions for the development of organic food and form a certain scale of operation with the surrounding farmers.

(Senior Consultant of Sinofert, Professor of China Agricultural University Wang Xingren)