40 times harder than diamonds! The world’s hardest substance is born
Austrian scientists write in the latest issue of the journal Nature Materials Science that they have mass-produced the longest stable linear carbon chain ever produced in the laboratory. They consist of more than 6,000 carbon atoms, or they can be manufactured in batches. Currently the hardest substance known is carnesyne. In 1885, the German organic chemist Adolf von-Beyer proposed the concept of carbon alkyne for the first time. He described it as an infinite carbon-carbon single-bond and triple-bond alternating carbon chain. However, he also warned that because of its extreme instability, it is difficult to make it. Previously, American scientists have pointed out theoretical calculations that carbon alkyne, a one-dimensional linear strip of carbon atoms, should be harder and stronger than any known material, possess great tensile strength and hardness, and be 40 times more rigid than diamonds. Two times that of graphene, therefore, can be used to make ultra-sturdy equipment. In addition, it has the unique property of being able to transform from a conductor to an insulator only by being stretched by 3%, and is therefore favored by the electronics industry. Although scientists can use some methods to keep the carbon chain stable, they could only make unstable carbon chains with up to 100 carbon atoms. Now, the team of Thomas Pichler at the University of Vienna has mass-produced stable carbon long chains with new methods. Some of the long chains have more than 6,000 carbon atoms and are considered to be the closest “producers†of carbon acetylene ever. In the latest research, scientists have rolled two layers of graphene into a double-walled carbon nanotube, and synthesized this carbon long chain in the gap of the graphene sheet. The gap can protect this material and Let it stay stable. The first author of the study, Shi Lei, said: “The latest research has taken a key step toward realizing our understanding of acetylene.†Although the long chain of carbon acetylene produced this time was longer than before, it was still invisible to the naked eye. The researchers confirmed the presence of this carbon chain by transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffractometry, and near-field resonance Raman spectroscopy. The results show that this carbon chain is very stable in the experimental environment and its electrical properties depend on the length of the carbon chain. Moreover, due to the unique mechanical and electrical properties of carbyne, the future may help scientists prepare new types of nanoelectronics and opto-mechanical devices. The scientists said that the new discovery is a key step in the mass production of acetylene, but further research is needed before it can be applied. The carbon family is very interesting. Nine dragons are different. The hardest diamond and the softest graphite are single element allotropes in the natural form of carbon; artificial carbon compounds such as nylon, gasoline, plastics, etc. are more visible in life; the favored new material is graphene. Due to its superior performance, it is pushing the waves behind the Yangtze River; but compared with theoretical predictions and computational models, it is confirmed to be the "hardest in the world" of carbon alkynes and its application possibilities. It can only be regarded as "older generation". Of course, only generating a certain length of carbon chain distance is far from making carbon acetylene, but it does not affect our ardent expectations for the toughest materials in the future.
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*Dimension Tolerance +0.0 - -0.1mm
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*Chamfer 0.25mm at 45 degree typical
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