Classification of rust preventive oil

Depending on the performance and use, anti-rust oil can be divided into the following categories in China:
1. Replacement anti-rust oil
Displacement type rust preventive oil generally uses sulfonate with strong adsorption as the main rust inhibitor, which can replace the moisture and sweat adhered to the metal surface to prevent rust caused by human sweat, and itself adsorbs on the metal surface and forms a firm protective film. To prevent the intrusion of foreign corrosive media. Therefore, it is used in a large amount for surface pre-treatment before rust prevention and long-term rust prevention. There are also many replacement rust preventive oils that can be used directly to seal against rust. It can be diluted with petroleum solvent such as kerosene or gasoline during use. Therefore, some types of such anti-rust greases are also in the range of solvent-diluted anti-rust oil. When using the solvent, attention should be paid to fire and ventilation.
According to the domestic replacement rust preventive oil standard SH0367-92, such oil products are divided into No. 1, No. 2, No. 3, No. 4. Among them, No. 1, No. 2 and No. 3 oils are mainly used for packaging and sealing of various metal products and parts, and have certain human sweat replacement.
No. 1 oil is used for ferrous metals.
No. 2 oil is used for ferrous metals and copper.
No. 3 oil is used for ferrous and non-ferrous metals.
Oil No. 1, No. 2 and No. 3 can be used as oil for sealing between processes after dilution with petroleum solvent.
No. 4 oil is a sweat washing oil used for cleaning and rust prevention between processes.
2, solvent diluted anti-rust oil
This type of rust preventive oil contains a volatile petroleum solvent or is diluted with a solvent at normal temperature. It includes a solvent-diluted hard-film anti-rust oil, a solvent-diluted soft film anti-rust oil, and a solvent-diluted replacement anti-rust oil. After the rust preventive oil is applied to the metal surface, the solvent naturally volatilizes to form a uniform protective film. If the film forming material is asphalt, resin (such as alkylphenol amino resin, tert-butylphenol methyl vinegar resin, petroleum resin, etc.), the film formed after the solvent is volatilized is a hard film, generally not sticky, not sticky dust impurities, It is a transparent or opaque film that can't be wiped off. It is easy to clean in petroleum solvents such as gasoline. It is generally used for rust prevention on the surface of large mechanical equipment, and some can even be used for the storage of raw materials and equipment stored under open air conditions. However, its disadvantage is that it must be allowed to contact and package after the solvent has evaporated, otherwise it will stick together. Therefore, it is only suitable for workpieces with a simple structure. It is not suitable for large-volume production of small and medium-sized workpieces with small holes and is not suitable for internal storage. If the film-forming material is a grease, such as general lanolin and its derivatives, wax, petrolatum, oxidized petroleum grease and barium soap, the film formed after the solvent is volatilized is a soft film, that is, an oil film. It is soft, can be wiped and erased. This type of oil can be used as a long-term storage oil, which requires a certain thickness and good rust resistance, but it is difficult to unblock. At present, the replacement rust preventive oil used for domestic storage, such as 204-1, 664, 901, etc., is mostly diluted with petroleum solvent when used, and most of the metal surface forms a soft film, so it can actually be regarded as a solvent. Dilute soft film oil. In order to overcome the shortcomings of the oil film oil adhesion and hardening of the soft film oil, it is currently developing in the direction of thin oil, that is, using a suitable resin as a film forming agent, making it a thin layer, transparent and efficient soft film. Anti-rust oil.
Solvent-diluted anti-rust oil petrochemical industry standard is SH0366-92, national standard is GB4879-85B2, divided into No.1 - dura mater, suitable for indoor and outdoor long-term storage; No. 2 soft film, suitable for indoor long-term storage; No. water replacement type soft film, which can replace water, is suitable for rust prevention of indoor metal products; No. 4 is transparent non-stick film.
3, sealed anti-rust oil
Sealed anti-rust oil has the characteristics of normal temperature coating, no solvent, thin oil film, anti-rust and long-term storage between processes, good miscibility with lubricating oil, and no need to clean when unsealing. Usually divided into two types of immersion type and coating type.
(1) Immersion type
The product can be fully immersed in a plastic bottle filled with anti-rust oil, and the oil is added with a corrosion inhibition of 2% or less.
The agent can be used, but it is necessary to add an antioxidant frequently so that the oil does not oxidize and deteriorate.
(2) Coating type
A thin layer of oil that can be used directly for coating. More corrosion inhibitors need to be added to the oil, and several corrosion inhibitors are required to be used in combination.
Sometimes it is necessary to add a tackifier such as polyisobutylene to increase the viscosity of the oil film. If it is combined with the outer packaging, it can be used for long-term indoor storage and has good anti-rust effect.
The national standard for sealing anti-rust oil is GB4879-85B3.
According to national standards, the oil is divided into three categories:
Class I applies to ferrous metals;
Class II applies to ferrous metals and copper alloys;
Class III applies to ferrous metals, copper alloys, magnesium alloys and aluminum alloys.
According to the viscosity of oil, it can be divided into light, medium and heavy, that is, the kinematic viscosity at 50 °C is less than 10mm2 / s (low viscosity), (20 ± 10) mm2 / s (Medium viscosity), (50 ± 20) mm 2 / s (high viscosity). Lightweight anti-rust oil is mainly used in aerospace machinery parts and small precision instrumentation such as electronic instruments, precision instruments, small arms, nautical compasses, etc., and at the same time it acts as a rust and lubrication. Such rust preventive oils are generally versatile in winter and summer and therefore have a lower freezing point. The medium-quality anti-rust oil is mainly used for the sealing of medium-sized and above mechanical parts, and also has the dual functions of anti-rust and lubrication. The use temperature is generally normal temperature, and can also be used at a low temperature of about -20 °C. Heavy anti-rust oil is mainly used for lubrication and rust prevention of large equipment, and is generally only suitable for normal temperature.
4, emulsified anti-rust oil
This is an oil containing rust inhibitors and emulsifiers. It is called an emulsified rust preventive oil when it is diluted with water to form an emulsion. It has the characteristics of low cost, safe use, reduced environmental pollution and energy conservation. It is coated on the metal surface, and after the water evaporates, a protective oil film is formed. Currently, it is mostly used for anti-rust between processes, and can also be used for long-term storage.
The standard for domestic emulsified anti-rust oil is GB4879-85B4.
5, anti-rust lubrication dual-use oil
This is a so-called dual-purpose oil with dual properties of lubrication and rust prevention. It is required to be installed directly after unsealing without removing the sealed oil. After the test, there is no need to change the oil, that is, the product is sealed with the test oil, which is generally used in systems that require lubrication or sealing. Therefore, according to the use, it can be divided into internal combustion engine anti-rust oil, hydraulic anti-rust oil, spindle oil, gear oil, air compressor oil, instrumentation and bearing anti-rust oil, anti-rust test vehicle oil.
Anti-rust oil for internal combustion engine is mainly used for anti-rust of airplanes, automobiles and various engines; hydraulic anti-rust oil is mainly used for sealing and anti-rust of hydraulic systems and hydraulic cylinders of machine tools, etc.; there are many varieties of instrumentation and bearing anti-rust oil. Both have a certain degree of lubricity. Generally, the base oil has low viscosity, high degree of refining, rust inhibitor additive mass fraction of 3%-5%, good low temperature stability, low volatility and good oil film removal, and is suitable for various metals. .
At present, in the national standard of national defense rust lubricating oil, the standard of anti-rust lubricating oil is GB4879-85B5, the standard of anti-rust lubricating grease is GB4879-85B6, the standard of hydraulic anti-rust oil is GB4879-85B7, and the standard of anti-rust internal combustion engine oil is GB4879- 85B8.
6, anti-rust grease
An ointment made by adding a rust preventive additive to a petroleum wax such as industrial petroleum jelly or paraffin wax or ozoke wax. Generally, it is sealed by the main method of hot coating. It is characterized by oil film thickness (generally about 0.01-0.2mm, even 0.2-1mm), high oil film strength, not easy to lose and volatilize, anti-rust period can be more than 2 years, widely used in long-term storage of mechanical products and large equipment. . The disadvantage is that the oil seal and the sealing need to be heated, and it is required to have better thermal stability and oxidation stability. In order to overcome the above disadvantages, cold grease has been experimentally produced. Its characteristic is that it is soft at normal temperature, the penetration degree is generally above 200mm, it does not need heating when it is used, it can be directly brushed, the rust prevention is also quite good, and it is safe and convenient to use, and it is a promising variety. The petrochemical anti-rust grease standard of the petrochemical department is SH0366-92. The rust preventive grease is divided into No. 1, No. 2, No. 3.
No. 1 is cold grease, suitable for ferrous metals, can be used as a general precision mechanical parts inventory for long-term rust prevention, it can be coated at room temperature or heated;
No. 2 is suitable for short-term rust prevention and long-term indoor rust prevention of ferrous metal mechanical parts, requiring heat coating;
No. 3 is suitable for outdoor short-term rust prevention and long-term indoor rust prevention of ferrous metals and copper parts. Heat coating is required.

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