Modulation recipe and feeding method for hog feed
1. Feed Modulation It is necessary to properly smash the grain feed, but the smash is too fine and harmful. It is advantageous to properly mix the water before feeding, but it is unfavorable to exceed a certain limit. Most feeds should be fed, and individual feeds are good for feeding. (1) Feed crushing fineness: corn, sorghum, barley, wheat, rice and other grain feeds, all of which have a hard seed coat or a thick hull, which can be crushed or compressed before feeding to reduce the energy consumed by chewing. It is also conducive to digestion. The fineness of the pulverization can be divided into fine (having a diameter of 1.8 to 2.6 mm). Many tests and practices have proved that the fineness of the grain pulverization of corn and the like is preferably moderately pulverized with a particle diameter of 1.2-1.8 mm. The hog is refreshing to eat, with a large feed intake, fast weight gain and high feed utilization. The corn is smashed too fine and is harmful to the esophagus and gastric mucosa. For example, in a trial, pigs fed coarse-grain corn had 8% and 3% of pigs with gastric mucosal erosion and ulceration. Pigs fed moderately comminuted corn, pigs with gastric mucosal erosion and ulceration were 14% and 4%, respectively. For pigs fed finely ground corn, gastric mucosal erosion and ulceration were 46% and 15%, respectively. Corn is smashed too fine, which also reduces pig feed intake, weight gain and feed utilization. According to the test, pigs fed a fine powder mixed feed with a particle diameter of 0.3-0.5 mm were delayed by 15 days to reach the same slaughter weight than pigs fed a medium-fine compound feed. In another test, pigs fed a compound feed with a particle diameter of 1.2 mm had a daily gain of 700-723 grams, while pigs fed a compound feed with a particle diameter of 1.6 mm had a daily gain of 758-780 grams. The crushing fineness of the grain feed can not be considered absolutely. When the diet contains more green roughage, the fine crushing of the grain does not affect the palatability and does not cause gastric ulcer. When the pigs are fed with barley and wheat, it is better to use a tableting machine to form a sheet than the pulverizing effect. Green-green feed, root tubers, silage and melon feed can be chopped or beaten and mixed with the concentrate to feed the pigs, which can reduce the damage, reduce chewing, reduce the volume and increase the feed intake. Beets must be smashed when the amount is large, and it is fine, otherwise it is easy to cause indigestion and diarrhea. Dry roughage should generally be crushed to be fine. Can reduce volume, improve palatability and increase feed intake. (2) Feed feed and cooked feed: corn, sorghum, barley, wheat and other cereals will destroy vitamins and reduce the efficiency of amino acids. In the United States, the results of 26 systematic tests were summarized. Due to the damage of the cooking process and the destruction of nutrients, the feed utilization was reduced by 10% compared with the raw feed. Therefore, the grain feed and its processing by-products should be fed, not to cook mature porridge to feed the pigs. Raw feeding not only works well, but also saves pots, fuel and labor. All kinds of green grass and succulent feeds such as pasture, grass and wild vegetables, leaves, carrots, beets, cabbage, radishes, melons and aquatic plants should be smashed and beaten to feed. Cooking will destroy vitamins. Improper handling will also cause nitrite. Poisoned. Potato, sweet potato and its powder residue can be used to improve the utilization rate. Soybeans, broad beans are cooked or cooked and fed. Feeds containing harmful ingredients such as cottonseed cake, rapeseed cake, mildly degraded feed (containing fungi, mold), and leftovers, leftovers, and drowning in the cafeteria are cooked well, which can avoid or reduce the possibility of poisoning. In short, most of the feeds commonly used for feeding pigs should be crushed and formulated into full-price feeds for feeding, which not only has good feeding effect, but also reduces feeding costs. The old habit of traditional cooking to feed pigs should be changed. With good dry powder, without water, directly into the automatic feeding trough to feed pigs, saving labor and trouble. As long as sufficient drinking water is ensured, good results can be achieved by feeding the pigs with powder. The requirement for feeding dry powder is that the pig pen must be in a hard floor (cement or plank floor), otherwise the feed thrown to the outside will be damaged by the mud. In order to facilitate the feeding of the pigs, shorten the feeding time, and avoid the feed dust in the house, the dry powder can be mixed with water at a ratio of 1:0.5 or 1:1 to make a semi-dry powder or a wet powder, and feed it with a trough or Feed on the hard ground and give water. Material: When the proportion of water is increased to 1:1.5-2, it will become thick porridge or thin porridge, and it will not affect the feeding effect, but it must be fed with the trough, which is laborious and laborious. Do not mix too much water in the feed. When the ratio of water: water exceeds 1:2.5, it will reduce the secretion of various digestive juices, dilute the digestive juice, reduce the activity of various digestive enzymes, and affect the digestion and absorption of feed. Excessive water content in the diet (more than 70% to 75%) also affects feed nitrogen utilization and body protein deposition. According to the test, when the moisture content of the diet increased to 83%, the nitrogen utilization rate decreased by 6.6%. Another test showed that the diet was mixed with water at 1:1, and the body protein deposition per day was 135.6 grams. When the diet was mixed with water 1:3, the amount of protein deposition per day was reduced to 121.3 g. Therefore, the habit of farming pigs to feed thinners should be changed. The ratio of feed 2 water is within 1:0.5-2, and the moisture content of the feed is preferably within 60% to 70%. From the perspective of weight gain and feed utilization, pigs fed wet or semi-dry powders were superior to dry powders, and there was no difference in carcass quality. (4) Granular materials and powder materials: Most of the test results show that the feed of pellets to pigs is better than that of dry powders, and the daily weight gain and feed utilization rate are increased by 8% to 10%. However, some tests have shown that the effect of feeding piglets on wet powder is not worse than that of pellets. The cost of the pellets is higher than that of the powder. The degree of pulverization of the grain in the pellets is finer than that of the dry powder. The particle diameter is 7-16 mm depending on the growth stage of the pig. 2. Feeding method (1) Limited feeding and unlimited feeding: Limited feeding is how much food is given to pigs every day. Unlimited feeding, one method is to put the diet into the automatic feeding trough, and the pigs can eat freely: another method is to feed the unlimited amount, and each meal has a little remaining. Unlimited feeding, pigs eat more, gain weight faster, but the feed utilization is poor, scorpion fat. Limited feeding is not good for pigs to gain weight, but the feed utilization rate is higher and the carcass is thinner. R.BTaude summarizes the results of 89 free-feeding and limited-feeding trials in the world between 1955 and 1970. Free feeding is beneficial for weight gain 88 times. 13 times beneficial to feed utilization, 61 losses. Only one time is beneficial to the carcass quality, and 73 cases are detrimental. According to the results of these foreign experiments, the diet is a concentrate-based diet with grain as the main body. The situation in our country is different from that in the country. The proportion of bran in the diet of the pigs is relatively large, or it is fed with more dregs or green roughage, so the foreign conclusions cannot be completely copied. · In the case of the current coarse diet, unlimited feeding still does not lose its application value. In the practice of raising pigs, taking into account weight gain, feed utilization and carcass fatness and leanness, before eating 60 kg, you should take free feeding or unlimited feeding. After a weight of 60 kg, the food is properly restricted, or each method of proper feeding is adopted, or an unlimited amount of feeding is adopted to reduce the energy concentration of the diet. (2) Method of feeding water supply: When the pigs are used to eat and sleep in the house, and the large-scale intensive feeding method is used outside the house, the semi-dry powder or wet powder can be sprinkled on the concrete floor of the feeding column in the house. Have enough sinks or automatic drinkers. When fixed in a small group of columns, use a trough for feeding or automatic feeding trough for free feeding, and a sink or a drinking fountain. Ground feeding is not suitable, because the feed is easy to mix with feces and urine, and the damage is much worse. Ground feeding should ensure sufficient feeding time, and the trough should be fed to ensure that each pig has enough slots (at least 30 cm) to prevent the weak food. Adequate cleaning of drinking water must be ensured. (3) The number of daily feedings; the feeding of the pigs several times a day depends on the age of the pig and the composition of the diet. In the piglet stage, the gastrointestinal volume is small, the digestion is poor, and the relative feed requirement is large, and it should be fed 3-4 times a day. In the middle pig and big pig stage, the gastrointestinal volume is enlarged and the digestive power is increased, which can reduce the feeding times. According to many test results, if the diet is of the concentrate type, it is fed twice or three times a day, and there is no difference in weight gain and feed utilization. If the diet includes more green, dry roughage or dregs, it is necessary to feed 3-4 times a day, which can increase the total daily intake and help to gain weight. It is not necessary to increase the number of feedings, not only waste labor, but also affect the rest and digestion of the pigs. The interval between feedings should be kept as balanced as possible, and the feeding time should be selected when the pigs have a strong appetite. For example, when feeding twice a day in summer, feeding at 6 o'clock and 18 o'clock is appropriate, because the morning and evening are cooler and the appetite of the pig is strong. Galvanized Wire For Construction,Low Carton Galvanized Wire For Construction,High Quality Low Carton Galvanized Wire,Galvanized Wires For Construction Anping Deming Metal Net Co.,Ltd , https://www.wovenfence.nl