What are the beneficial and harmful elements in iron ore analysis?
Beneficial and unhelpful elements in iron ore: There are many impurities in iron ore, which can be classified into beneficial and harmful according to their influence on the smelting process and its influence on product quality. 1. Harmful impurities (element) Refers to impurities that affect the selection of smelting. Common and most important harmful impurities are: sulfur, phosphorus, arsenic, potassium, sodium, fluorine and so on. (1) Phosphorus Phosphorus is generally present in the ore in the state of apatite (3CaO? P2O5), and also in the state of the blue iron ore (3FeO?as3O5). Phosphorus is completely reduced in the blast furnace and mostly enters pig iron. Steels containing more phosphorus are prone to cracking during low temperature processing, which is called "cold brittleness". (2) sulfur Sulfur is mainly present in the ore as pyrite (FeS2), and also in the state of chalcopyrite (FeS?, CuS) or sulfate (CaSO4.2H2O\BaSO4). During the smelting, the sulfur is partially reduced into pig iron, and the sulfur in the steel is prone to "hot brittleness" during its hot processing. Although smelting in blast furnace can be used for desulfurization, it consumes more coke (increasing furnace temperature) and limestone (increasing slag alkalinity), and thus increases production costs. Therefore, the iron content of iron ore in the furnace should be <0.15%. (3) Potassium and sodium Often found in neolithic, sodium amphibole, marble. Their greatest danger is to reduce the softening point of iron ore, often resulting in blast furnace nodules. Ore containing high potassium and sodium tends to affect the smelting of blast furnace smelting. (4) arsenic Arsenic is rare in general iron ore, but it is more common in limonite. It exists in the form of arsenopyrite (Feas2S) or other oxides (as2O3, as3O5). When arsenic is smelted, most of it enters pig iron. When the arsenic content exceeds 0.1%, the steel will be cold and brittle and will affect the welding performance of the steel. 2. Beneficial element (impurity) Some elements in iron ore do not necessarily benefit the smelting process, but they tend to improve certain properties of the product, which we call a useful element. Common elements of this type are: manganese, nickel, chromium, vanadium, titanium, and the like.
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