Winter cold weather safety precautions for winter 2016

In January and February , temperatures in most parts of the country cooled down drastically, accompanied by rain, snow and cold.

Like the hot weather, the cold weather also has a great impact on people's daily lives. For example, frost can cause heavy snowfall, traffic, etc., and electrical fires.

Therefore, in this issue, China Rescue Equipment Network will sort out the safety precautions in the cold weather.

First, driving & riding safety

1 , special reminder :

1 , pay close attention to the weather changes, always pay attention to the weather forecast, do a good job in advance safety measures.

2. Serious technical condition of the vehicle before leaving the vehicle. Water, electricity, oil, vehicle braking, transmission and direction devices must be intact.

3. Strictly abide by the traffic rules, and the temporary speed limit signs on the expressway must be observed and speeding is forbidden.

4. Vehicles are not allowed to overload. The shuttle will not exceed the number of authorized passengers.

5 , safe driving, careful operation.

  When riding an electric vehicle or bicycle, you must obey the traffic rules when you go to and from work, and try to drive as slowly as possible.

The aisles of roads and warehouses in the reservoir area are kept clean. There is no accumulation of water and ice formation is avoided. Choose a shoe with good thermal and non-slip performance.

When the temperature drops below zero, watering on the pavement of the reservoir area is strictly prohibited so as to prevent the vehicle from slipping and the personnel from falling due to freezing.

Second, ice and snow road driving taboo

A bogey bad condition

Before leaving the train, the inspection of the car should be strengthened to ensure that the car is in good condition. In addition, the necessary anti-skid equipment (snow chains) and heating supplies should also be carried.

Second bogey too aggressive

At the start, the clutch can be semi-linked, lightly stepping on the throttle to allow the engine to output less power without stalling, in order to adapt to the ice and snow roads, to avoid driving the wheel slip.

Three avoid observation

Should be carefully observed according to street trees, signposts, canals, etc., identify the driving route, and pass along the center of the road or shallower than the snow.

Four bogey speed too fast

In the ice and snow roads, it is necessary to control the speed of the cars, generally not exceeding 30km/h. Especially when turning or descending, the speed must be controlled to stop at any time.

Five bogey too close to the car

The driver should distance himself from the vehicle ahead according to the terrain, speed, and other conditions. Generally should be more than 2 times the normal distance (usually not less than 50m ).

Six avoid improper overtaking

Avoid overtaking on the ice and snow roads as much as possible ; if it is absolutely necessary, we must choose a spacious, flat road with less snow and ice, and we must not force overtaking.

Seven bogey to turn too fast

When you need to turn, be sure to lower the speed in advance to the maximum, steadily turn the steering wheel, slow back slowly.

8 avoid braking too fast

Concentrate on driving, use predictive braking as much as possible and use the engine's deceleration to make deceleration, use parking brakes and exhaust brakes, and use less foot brakes.

Nine bogey parking improper

When parking on icy and snowy roads, it should be sun-resistant, sheltered from wind, and parked in a flat and dry place. It should not be placed close to buildings, utility poles, or other vehicles to prevent collisions when skidding occurs.

Ten bogey sight is not clear

When flying in the snow, the speed should be reduced, use the brush to improve sight, and the number of people.

After driving in the snow for a long time, due to the reflection of snow on the sun, it is easy for the driver to fear the light, tears, and eyesight. Therefore, colored protective glasses may be worn during driving.

Third, the fire & electric shock

1. Electricity should pay attention to electricity safety ; avoid electrical fires.

2. Never use an open flame for heating.

3. The property is required to check the internal dry conditions of the indoor and outdoor electric control boxes to avoid electrical short circuit and fire caused by condensate water.

4. In winter, the small animals will seek warm space to avoid cold, so it is easy to drill into the electric box. Prevent animal and small animals should be taken to avoid electric short circuit and fire.

5. In the event of an electrical fire, immediately cut off the power supply and rescue.

6. In winter, fire accidents are very likely to occur. The combustibles and flammables stacking areas must be managed strictly in accordance with the fire prevention requirements.

7 , winter heating using a large number of high-power electrical appliances, pay attention to the line safety load, prevent over-current caused by jump, power outages, short circuit and other anomalies; replace the fuse do not arbitrarily increase the size or use other metal wire replacement.

8 , it is strictly prohibited to pull, disorderly access to electrical appliances.

9. Check the electrical appliance before use to avoid leakage. Select the electrical equipment and use the three-phase grounded product.

10 , temporary use of electrical equipment when connecting the power to use the specification range, intact sockets, wires, do not plug the cable directly into the socket or lap.

IV. Prevention of Electrothermal Equipment Accidents

Electric warmer purchase and use common sense

1 , read the instructions carefully. Read instructions for use and safety precautions ; do not assume that the product is simple or that you will use it. Ignore the instructions.

2 , pay attention to the use of the switch. When not in use, be sure to first turn off the power switch on the body and then unplug the power supply to reduce the risk.

3 , The heater must use a qualified, three-hole socket with a ground wire, otherwise there will be danger of leakage.

4. When the heater is working, the temperature at the top of the body is relatively high, and the above cannot cover the items, especially clothes or quilts.

5 , heaters should be placed in a place that is not easy to touch, away from combustible items and open fire.

V. Antifreeze

1. The operator minimizes the exposure time in low temperature environment.

2 , the operator in the cold winter operations must be equipped with the appropriate cold clothing, shoes and hats, gloves and other items.

3. Strengthen the overhaul of heating devices such as heaters and air conditioners to ensure good conditions.

4, generator, motor vehicles and other equipment correctly add antifreeze and winter lubricants.

5 , Warehouse water pipes, fire pit bolts and other outdoor exposed pipes to make the necessary insulation, to avoid freezing blocked into cracks.

6. The equipment and facility sealing components should be inspected regularly to avoid leaks due to poor sealing caused by low temperatures.

VI. Treatment of frostbite

Light frostbite treatment

1. Soak the affected area with warm water (38 - 42 °C ) and soak it with a towel or a soft dry cloth for partial massage. Avoid using fire and rubbing with snow.

2 , rubbed with ginger, local, but also a therapeutic effect.

3 , if the affected area rupture infection, should be used in local 65-75% alcohol disinfection, suction blisters liquid, coated with frostbite cream warm dressing.

Severe frostbite treatment

1, or to cut off the patient's wet clothes, bedding in the warm, hot water 25 can also be carried out a 30 deg.] C for 10 minutes, gradually returned to normal body temperature. However, you should prevent burns.

2. If the lower extremities are frozen but need to step on to receive medical treatment, do not thaw.

3. After warming, the limbs should be kept dry ; exposed to warm air, as sterile as possible.

Seven, prevent frostbite

Cold protection :

Footwear and socks, clothing, size and elasticity suitable for the temple dry, the skin exposed part to be protected ; skin coating a little grease, but also reduce the cooling effect.

Moisturizing :

Care should be taken to keep the living environment dry and the clothing, shoes and socks should be dry and replaced immediately after being wet.

Proper exercise :

Do not stay in too cold or humid environment for too long and avoid standing still for a long time. Particularly suitable for outdoor activities.

Avoid fatigue :

Fatigue, drunkenness, hunger, blood loss, malnutrition, etc. reduce the body's heat and resistance and can also cause frostbite.

VIII. Anti-carbon monoxide poisoning

1. Winter is a period of high incidence of carbon monoxide poisoning. Occurrence of non-occupational carbon monoxide poisoning occurs in each winter and spring season, seriously threatening people's health.

2. Carbon monoxide is a colorless, odorless gas . It affects human cells and causes the body's blood to lose oxygen.

3 , due to lack of oxygen, will cause damage to the brain and heart, and even lead to death. Severely poisoned patients will have permanent brain damage even if they are saved.

Beware of inhalation of carbon monoxide :

1. Use air-conditioning for heating at idle speed.

2 , household gas water heaters.

3 , should pay attention to indoor and interior ventilation, do not paste the doors and windows too rigid, it is best to leave a ventilation hole in the window to facilitate air circulation.

4. If there is gas smell in the house or in the car, open doors and windows quickly.

5 , water heaters and stoves must use special rubber gas hose, can not use nylon, vinyl pipe or old pipe, check every time you sit pipe access.

6. When there is a smell of gas in the house, check whether there is gas leakage or there is a coal stove in the room. Do not light or turn on the power switch to avoid fire.

Nine, other matters needing attention

Non-slip and drop resistance :

Rain and snow conditions cause the road to be slippery and prevent accidental falls. Instead of stepping on thick snow, avoid floes and stagnant water.

Suggestions :

1. Lay non-slip mats in areas where people or vehicles pass through, clean up snow, and melt ice. Personnel may wear shoes that are non-slip and warm.

2. Women are better not to wear high heels when going on the slippery road.

3 , people riding electric cars and bicycles, choose to walk or public transport travel.

Flood prevention :

Snowfall is greater in some areas ; trees are in danger of being overwhelmed.

Suggestion : Try to stay away from the height of the trees. Beware of bruising caused by collapse.

Flood prevention : Due to the snow cover, many "traps" on the road will be covered.

Advice : Be careful and pay attention to low blemishes, lids, nails on building materials, etc.

In the cold winter, the most annoying thing for people wearing glasses is that the glasses are often covered with a layer of “white fog” that blinds people.

To solve this problem, we can modulate anti-fog water by ourselves :

1 , first pour a little soap in the cup,

2 , then instill two or three drops of common essential oil, and mix the anti-fog water on the lens.

3 , finally use a cloth to wipe clean.

4 , this can be maintained for about 3 hours without fog.

5 , there is the easiest way is to directly wet soap directly on the lens, and then wipe ; in a short time can prevent fog.

This article is edited and compiled by China Rescue Equipment Network. Please indicate the link.